Medical Image Analysis and Correlation Between Ankle Fracture Classification and Ankle Computed Tomography

Objective: In this paper, we summarize computed tomography (CT) manifestations and characteristics of ankle fractures, and analyze the relationship between CT images and common ankle fracture classifications. Methods: A retrospective survey of 369 adult ankle fractures was performed. CT images of 1 cm horizontal cross-section above the ankle points and their characteristics were analyzed. Ankle fracture X-ray classification was performed, and the relationship between CT images and fracture X-ray classification was analyzed. Results: There is a correlation between CT images and Danis-Weber classification. The incidence of IOL fractures varies with the severity of Danis-Weber classification. After rank correlation test, the difference is statistically significant (Spearman R = 0.781,P < 0.001). CT images can detect IOL fractures that cannot be judged by X-ray fracture classification, and the incidence rate is 5.9%. Conclusions: The 1 cm horizontal cross-section CT image on the ankle point can clearly determine the combined tibiofibular IOL injury before surgery, and it has a good correlation with the Danis-Weber fracture classification, and can detect unexplainable IOL fractures in some radiographs.

MODELLING THE EFFECTS OF RELEASE AND PROPAGATION OF GASES, VAPOURS AND AEROSOLS FROM HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

The effects of release and propagation of gases, vapours and aerosols from hazardous substances are modelled using: ideal models that presuppose that the surface of the horizontal cross section of the container (tank) is constant, that substances are released from the hole in the wall, that the system is not a two-phase system, and that there is no resistance in the discharge; realistic models that take into account the phenomenon of friction; two-phase models that take into account the quality and the specific volume of the mixture of vapour and liquid; and models that take into account the abrupt release of liquids, gases and vapours.

Distribution of the magnetic field from a mobile phone at 0.9, 1.8 and 2.1 GHz through a child head model

Children's everyday use of mobile phones exposes them to significant levels of electromagnetic radiation, causing public concern over the potential adverse effects. This paper discusses the magnetic field distribution from a mobile phone at the frequencies of 0.9, 1.8, and 2.1 GHz through a child head model. Human tissues and organs are represented in terms of their corresponding electromagnetic properties. The results of magnetic field distribution for a horizontal cross-section of the child head model at the three given frequencies are presented in the paper.

David Mushet, John Farey and William Smith: Geologising in the Forest of Dean

The celebrated Scottish ironmaster, David Mushet (1772–1847), not previously recognised for his geological expertise, produced a generalised vertical section of the geology in the Forest of Dean in 1809 which remained unrivalled for the next 130 years. In 1812 he created a horizontal cross-section across the Forest of Dean's coal basin which he used as a prospectus to help sell his Bixslade coal mine. Mushet worked with the two leading geologists of the time: William Smith, the ‘Father’ of English Geology and John Farey, Smith's ‘bulldog’. Mushet's geological expertise provides an example of how Smith's methods for identifying strata spread piecemeal through the community of practical men seeking iron and coal, and how, in places, the making and sharing of geological sections and maps became critical to this endeavour. Confusion over the ‘yellow lime’ demonstrates how easily the order of strata could be misinterpreted due to the lack of a standardised nomenclature and a limited knowledge of fossils.

New Monitoring System of the Refractory Lining Wear in the Blast Furnace Hearth

The monitoring system of the firebrick lining state of the blast furnace devil is offered. The mathematical description, algorithm and program of calculation the temperature fields in any vertical and horizontal cross-section of the devil lining are developed with use of the indications of the temperature sensing transducer (to 1000) in the oven lining. The systems of gathering, processing and information transfer from the temperature transmitters to a program database are used. This monitoring system is established on five blast furnaces of metallurgical plants of China.