CHARACTERIZATION OF WASTES FROM SEPTAGE COLLECTION AND TRANSPORT TRUCKS IN THE FEDERAL DISTRICT, BRAZIL

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>In the Federal District of Brazil, the cleaning waste from on-site sanitation facilities is transported by septage trucks to sewage treatment plants (STPs) to be treated in conjunction with sewage. This research aimed to characterize the waste from septage trucks that were discharged in the two STPs in Brasilia, Federal District of Brazil. The methodology included the characterization (sampling and laboratory tests) of waste samples collected from septage trucks that discharged waste at the two STPs in Brasília, and the collection of information on the origin of this waste and the frequency of cleaning the on-site sanitation units. Great variability was found in the frequency of cleaning cesspools and septic tanks. The cleaning of the on-site sanitation facilities took place daily in some places and monthly in the remaining sites, and eventually, facilities with annual cleaning were reported. The characteristic that had the lowest variation coefficient was the pH. The presence of large concentrations of oils and greases in the residues of the septage trucks is a major inconvenience. The results obtained contribute to the knowledge of the characteristics of waste from septage trucks, its management and proper treatment.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: septage; grease trap waste; septage collection and transport truck; oil and grease.</p><p> </p><p align="center">CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS RESÍDUOS DOS CAMINHÕES LIMPA-FOSSAS NO DISTRITO FEDERAL, BRASIL</p><p><strong>Resumo</strong></p><p>No Distrito Federal, os resíduos da limpeza das instalações de tratamento descentralizado de esgoto são transportados por caminhões limpa-fossas para as estações de tratamento de esgoto (ETEs) para serem tratados em conjunto com o esgoto. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo caracterizar os resíduos de caminhões limpa-fossas que descarregaram nas duas ETEs de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil. A metodologia incluiu a caracterização (amostragem e exames laboratoriais) de amostras de resíduos coletadas dos caminhões limpa-fossas que descarregaram lodo de fossa nas duas ETEs de Brasília, e a coleta de informações sobre a origem desses resíduos e a frequência de limpeza das unidades de tratamento descentralizado de esgoto. Encontrou-se grande variabilidade nas frequências de limpeza de fossas e tanques sépticos. A limpeza das instalações de tratamento descentralizado de esgotos ocorria diariamente em alguns locais e mensalmente nos demais e, eventualmente, foram registradas instalações com limpeza anual. O pH foi a característica que apresentou o menor coeficiente de variação. A presença de grandes concentrações de óleos e graxas nos resíduos dos caminhões limpa-fossas é um grande inconveniente. Os resultados obtidos contribuem para o conhecimento das características dos resíduos de caminhões limpa-fossas, sua gestão e tratamento adequado.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: lodo de fossas e tanques sépticos; resíduos de caixas de gordura; caminhões limpa-fossas; óleos e graxas.</p>

Grease trap waste (griddle grease) as feed ingredient for finishing lambs: growth performance, dietary energetics, and carcass characteristics

Forty-eight (37.7±3.4 kg, initial shrunk live weight) lambs were used in a 61-d experiment to evaluate the energy value of grease trap waste (GT) at four levels of supplementation (0, 2, 4, and 6%). Supplemental GT replaced cracked corn in the basal diet. The GT contained 6.4% moisture, 3.1% impurities, and 79.8% total fatty acids (FA). Increasing GT level in diets did not affect dry matter intake and daily gain weight, but linearly increased gain efficiency and estimated dietary net energy (NE). However, the ratio of observed-to-expected diet NE decreased with increasing level of GT. The estimated NE values for GT based on FA intake were in close agreement (98 and 102% of predicted, respectively) with those NE values determined by replacement technique for 2 and 4% supplementation level. However, the observed NE value for GT supplemented at the 6% level was 9% lower than predicted. Kidney-pelvic-hearth fat increased as level of GT supplementation increased; otherwise, carcass characteristics and shoulder composition were not affected. We conclude that GT is a suitable alternative to conventional feed fats in diets for finishing lambs. The estimated NE of GT is 93% than energy value assigned by current standards for tallow and yellow grease.