Consuming and collecting records in Spain, 1896–1905

This chapter draws upon the five major surviving collections of Spanish early recordings in order to attempt to reconstruct who bought wax cylinders in Spain around 1900, what their motivations were and what their listening and collecting practices looked like. It discusses how record buyers were still a small, privileged minority in Spain at the time, and examines how collecting might have helped developed ways of listening focused on music appreciation rather than on purely replicating a collector’s live music experience. It also analyzes home recording practices, which were a significant part of phonograph marketing strategies at this time.

Home Recording And Video Selection: Their use In A Low-Resource Setting For Epilepsy Diagnosis

Objective: In management of epilepsy, identification of an epileptic seizure, classification, epilepsy syndromes, and management decisions relies heavily on seizure semiology. However, since most seizures are not witnessed, obtained semiology has its limitations. This study aimed to determine how many patients could successfully submit a home recording of a seizure event and if adapted video compilations would improve epilepsy diagnosis and classification in a low resource setting. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study carried out at a neurology clinic in a teaching hospital in a low-resource setting. Sixty-seven randomly selected patients with recurrent unprovoked seizures and an informant who had regular observed the seizures and had access to video recording facilities were enrolled. Participants were required to fill an interviewer-administered questionnaire, select from a pre-designed video compilation what best described seizure witnessed, then encouraged on acquisition of video recordings at home. In the absence of video electroencephalography, information obtained was compared with a pre-defined algorithm which combined clinical history, physical examination, EEG results and neuro-images. Accuracy and reliability was calculated for different semiological signs and seizure classification. Results: Sixty seven patients were recruited comprising of 30 females and 37 male patients. Only eight (12%) participants returned with an adequate home recording of seizure episode. Incorporating video selection with questionnaire obtained description improved accuracy for generalized seizure (0.85 vs 0.79) and focal onset seizure (0.84 vs 0.73). Test-retest reliability on video selections by informants showed kappa coefficients ranging from 0.88 – 1.000. Significance: Home video recording may not be as practical in our environment depending on the setting as adjustments may be required to make it routine. However, selecting videos from pre-selected video compilation may be a viable alternative to improve accuracy.

450 Cellular Energy Monitoring for Diagnosis and Management of Therapy for Sleep Disordered Breathing

Introduction Polysomnogram (PSG) monitoring, including pulse oximetry, is the current diagnostic standard in sleep medicine. However, potentially confounding aspects of PSG testing include: test site other than the subject’s normal bed, distracting sensors and wires, subjective interpretation of complex recorded signals, and limited sensitivity to relevant phenomena. There is currently an unmet need for a sleep test that is more clinically effective than PSG, and that can be administered in the subject’s normal sleeping environment. Additionally, confirmation that home therapy has been optimized cannot be achieved by PSG titration. Methods A recent proof of concept (POC) study of the armband-wearable Reveal Cellular Energy Monitor (CE monitor) directly compared its data product, Cellular Energy Index (CEi), with PSG data. Scoring methods were adapted from AASM guidance for interpretation of PSG data. At-home recording with the CE monitor was also performed prior to and following PSG studies. At-home incremental adjustment of APAP settings and mask selection was documented with CE monitoring and compared with the information recorded by the home APAP machine. Results The comparison of the POC data consistently found the CE monitor to be more sensitive and responsive to hypoxic stress than the PSG pulse oximeter during primary snoring. Obstructive and central apnea events were detected by both, but the CE monitor provided finer resolution of the breath-by-breath effort of breathing compared with PSG RIP and nasal sensors. At-home CE monitor optimization of therapy was documented to often differ from the settings and mask selection determined by PSG titration, and resulted in ‘normal’ sleep breathing data. Conclusion All diagnostically-relevant physiologic responses detected by PSG were also detected by the CE monitor. Evidence of cellular hypoxia in the skin, by CE monitor, was consistently recorded during prolonged periods of ‘primary snoring;’ i.e., SpO2 is less sensitive to hypoxic stress during sleep than CEi. Breath-by-breath effort is detected by the CE monitor. Support (if any) The POC study costs at UCSF were paid by Reveal Biosensors, Inc.

American Indian Soundchiefs

American Indian Soundchiefs, an independent record label founded by the Rev. Linn Pauahty (Kiowa) in the 1940s, developed a remarkable model of Indigenous sound media that combined home recording, dubbing, and small-scale mass production. Alongside other Native American media producers of the same era, Soundchiefs built on earlier engagements with ethnographic and commercial recording to produce Native citizens’ media a generation prior to the Red Power era of the 1960s and 1970s. This soundwork provided Native music to Native listeners first, while also seeking to preserve a “rich store of folk-lore” sometimes in danger of being lost under ongoing colonial pressures. Pauahty’s label found ways to market commercial recordings while operating within what music and legal scholar Trevor Reed (Hopi) calls “Indigenous sonic networks,” fields of obligation and responsibility.

Tele-monitoring in paediatric and young home-ventilated neuromuscular patients: A multicentre case-control trial

Introduction Tele-monitoring (TM) has proved effective in the home management of adult ventilator-dependent neuromuscular disease (NMD) patients. We aimed to evaluate a 2-year longitudinal multicentre TM trial designed for young ventilated NMD patients in terms of feasibility, home management of exacerbations and caregivers’ burden. Methods The TM trial protocol included patients’ weekly scheduled overnight home-recording of SpO2, heart rate and ventilation and their transmission to each TM centre the following morning. Overnight data were reviewed by non-physicians and calls to families made to assess clinical condition. If clinical conditions (assessed by a scoring system) or overnight parameters worsened, either unscheduled transmissions or calls were activated and managed by non-physicians or medical team according to severity. Hospitalisations were compared with those of TM patients prior to TM start and with those of age-disease-severity-matched controls. Scores from the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) questionnaire pre- and post-TM were compared. Results Forty-eight patients were enrolled, 30 males, median age 16.4 years (interquartile range (IQR) 8.9–22.1), median ventilation/day 10.5 h (IQR 8–16). Exacerbations in TM patients did not differ (59 versus 53; p = 0.15) from controls. Hospitalisations were significantly reduced in TM patients when compared with those prior to TM (11 versus 24, p = 0.04) and to controls (11 versus 21, p = 0.03). Median hospitalisation length was significantly lower in TM patients than controls (6 versus 7 days, p = 0.03 ). Caregivers satisfaction was excellent whereas no significant changes in CBI were seen (32.5 versus 35.5, p = 0.06). Discussion TM was effective in improving the home management of respiratory exacerbations in young ventilated NMD patients and overall well tolerated.

Track 1

Fifty-three-year-old guitarist Michael is the figurative flag-bearer of learning anew in the digital age. Despite decades of experience making multitrack recordings at home and professionally, Michael found himself in unfamiliar territory when first encountering the DAW Ableton Live. Leaning on skeuomorphic design cues and refusing to be bound by the learning approaches that characterize “digital immigrants,” Michael clicked his way through frustration to discover the din of his dreams. Without the aid of a teacher in any sense of the word, Michael matter-of-factly summarized his learning approach: “I didn’t have anybody tutoring me and I didn’t have any help files, so I just had to figure it out for myself.” His music-making processes exemplify how the quest for a specific sound (timbre) is foundational in DIY home recording.

Track 2

Tara, a twenty-seven-year-old classically trained pianist with a masters degree in music, subscribes to the Tin Pan Alley method of music production, conceptualizing the song as a distinct entity from the recording. In search of a more polished sound than she has been able to achieve recording herself with Logic, Tara hired a friend of a friend to serve as the sound engineer for a week of home recording sessions. Battling the unflattering acoustics of a concrete loft apartment, noisy neighbors, the unapologetic New York subway, the trappings of perfectionism, and the creeping resentment that stems from communication breakdowns, Tara questioned if she would be better off going to a professional recording studio, but persevered to see her project through to the stage of mixing.

OUTCOME LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN SENI MUSIK: KAJIAN TENTANG PROFESI ALUMNI PENDIDIKAN SENI MUSIK UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SEMARANG DI INDUSTRI MUSIK KOTA SEMARANG

Abstrak: Saat ini bekerja di bidang Industri Musik merupakan sebuah profesi yang menjanjikan. Dikota Semarang, perkembangan industri musik cukup bisa dikatakan berkembang dan mampu bersaing dengan kota-kota besar lainnya. Masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) Bagaimanakah jenis profesi Alumni Pendidikan Seni Musik di bidang industri musik di Kota Semarang (2) Bagaimanakah relevansi pekerjaan dengan materi perkuliahan, dan (3) Bagaimana alasan pemilihan profesi alumni Alumni Metode penelitian yang diterapkan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan di Kota Semarang dengan subjek penelitian mahasiswa dan alumni Program Studi Pendidikan Seni Musik UNNES dengan tahapan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi dan angket, teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi, penyajian dan verifikasi data serta teknik pemeriksaan keabsahan data.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis pekerjaan di Kota Semarang antara lain profesi sebagai instruktur musik, session player, penyedia jasa rekaman atau home recording dan produsen alat musik efek gitar. Alumni dan Mahasiswa yang bekerja di Industri Musik di Kota Semarang sebagian besar berpendapat bahwa materi perkuliahan yang didapatkan sudah sesuai dengan pekerjaan yang mereka jalani. Alasan alumni dalam memilih profesi yang mereka jalani saat ini ,antara lain karena hobi, tidak terikat waktu, dapat digunakan sebagai sarana menyalurkan bakat, dan profesi mereka merupakan cita-cita yang sudah lama ingin dicapai.