Complete Type Catalog of Trombiculidae sensu lato (Acari: Trombidiformes) of the U.S. National Entomology Collection, Smithsonian Institution

Mites in the family Trombiculidae sensu lato are parasites of terrestrial vertebrates, even humans, in their larval stage. There are more than 3,700 species of chiggers, and about one-third of these species are represented by type specimens in the Smithsonian Institution’s United States National Museum Entomology Collection. Here we provide a catalog of all primary and secondary type specimens of chiggers (holotype, paratype, syntype, lectotype, and paralectotype) housed in the collection. Listed herein are 1,026 type specimens with 645 representing holotypes, 782 paratypes, 69 syntypes, 19 lectotypes, and 16 paralectotypes of larvae, deutonymphs, and adult chiggers. <br>

Complete Type Catalog of Trombiculidae sensu lato (Acari: Trombidiformes) of the U.S. National Entomology Collection, Smithsonian Institution

Mites in the family Trombiculidae sensu lato are parasites of terrestrial vertebrates, even humans, in their larval stage. There are more than 3,700 species of chiggers, and about one-third of these species are represented by type specimens in the Smithsonian Institution’s United States National Museum Entomology Collection. Here we provide a catalog of all primary and secondary type specimens of chiggers (holotype, paratype, syntype, lectotype, and paralectotype) housed in the collection. Listed herein are 1,026 type specimens with 645 representing holotypes, 782 paratypes, 69 syntypes, 19 lectotypes, and 16 paralectotypes of larvae, deutonymphs, and adult chiggers. <br>

Lectotype designations, taxonomic notes and new synonymy in some species of the bee genus Centris Fabricius, 1804 described by William Henry Fox (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

In this paper, the primary types of Centris described by the American doctor and naturalist William Henry Fox deposited at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia and in the United States National Museum, Washington, United States were studied. To stabilize the application of some names, lectotypes were designated for C. atriventris Fox (= C. foxi Friese), C. cockerellii Fox, C. eisenii Fox, C. errans Fox, C. pallida Fox, C. subhyalina Fox (= C. lanosa Cresson), and C. xylocopoides Fox. This latter species is withdrawn from the synonymy of C. braccata Packard and subsequently revalidated. Centris foxi is removed from synonymy of C. atripes Mocsáry and revalidated, proposing this latter species as its new junior synonym. A taxonomic note on the primary type of C. marginata Fox (= C. caesalpiniae Cockerell) is also provided.

The Alloxysta (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Charipinae) type material in the United States National Museum of Natural History and the Canadian National Collection of Insects

Alloxysta Förster, 1869 (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) type material of 19 nominal species deposited in the Canadian National Collection of Insects (Ottawa, Ontario, Canada) and the United States National Museum of Natural History (Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America) were studied. Nine species are treated as valid: A. australiae (Ashmead, 1900), A. commensuratus Andrews, 1978, A. japonicus (Ashmead, 1904), A. lachni (Ashmead, 1885), A. longiventris Baker, 1896, A. minuscula Andrews, 1978, A. nothofagi Andrews, 1976, A. vandenboschi Andrews, 1978, and A. xanthopsis (Ashmead, 1896). The following synonymies are established: A. affinis (Baker, 1896) and A. quebeci Andrews, 1978 junior synonyms of A. castanea (Hartig, 1841); A. alaskensis Ashmead, 1902 and A. coniferensis Andrews, 1978 junior synonyms of A. macrophadna (Hartig, 1841); A. bicolor (Baker, 1896) and A. anthracina Andrews, 1978 junior synonyms of A. obscurata (Hartig, 1840); A. dicksoni Andrews, 1978 junior synonym of A. pilipennis (Hartig, 1840); and A. leguminosa (Weld, 1920), A. megourae (Ashmead, 1887), and A. rauchi Andrews, 1978 junior synonyms of A. brevis (Thomson, 1862). The type material of A. schlingeri Andrews, 1978 and A. halli Andrews, 1978 could not be found and we consider them as nomina dubia. Alloxysta vandenboschi Andrews is removed from synonymy with A. obscurata and considered a valid species. Comments on the type material are given. Complete redescriptions and images are presented for the valid species.

FRANZ BOAS OG DET MODERNE ETNOGRAFISKE MUSEUMS (U)MULIGHED

I denne artikel fokuserer jeg på en hidtil underbelyst side af antropologen Franz Boas’ virke, nemlig hans engagement i museumsverdenen. Jeg ser næmere påto museumsfaglige debatter, som han indgik i med 20 ås mellemrum: Debatten med kurator ved United States National Museum Otis T. Mason i 1887 og debatten med kurator ved Field Museum of Natural History George A. Dorsey i 1907. Debatterne belyser et centralt vendepunkt i antropologiens historie. I diskussionen med Mason formulerer Boas principperne for en ny kulturelt kontekstualiserende kurateringspraksis, som senere skulle blive det moderne etnografiske museums udstillingsform par excellence. Han læger samtidig kimen til et generelt teoretisk skift inden for antropologien fra evolutionisme til kulturrelativisme samt et metodisk skift fra en rent spekulativ „æestolsantropologi“ til en empirisk videnskab centreret omkring feltstudiet. I sin diskussion med Dorsey eksponerer Boas omvendt den kulturrelativistiske tæknings uforenelighed med det etnografiske museum og dets indbyggede fokusering påmateriel kultur. Han fastslår samtidig, at museets rolle er formidling, ikke forskning. Han foregriber dermed den videnskabelige antropologis institutionelle skift fra museet til universitetet, som blandt andet på grund af kulturrelativismens indtog blev en realitet 15-20 år senere. De problematikker, som Boas optegner i sine museumskritiske artikler, er dog ikke løst ved at flytte antropologien fra museet til universitetet. For de peger ikke kun på en række indbyggede begrænsninger i det etnografiske museum som institution, men også i antropologien som helhed. Jeg vil afslutningsvis perspektivere til to forskellige strømninger i nyere antropologi, som viser at det stadig er aktuelt at diskutere disse begrænsninger i dag: Dels den retoriske vending med Writing Culture som eksempel og dels den ontologiske vending med Thinking Through Things som eksempel. Søgeord: Franz Boas, det etnografiske museum, kulturrelativisme, materiel kultur, den ontologiske vending, den retoriske vending

Catalogue of the type specimens of Yponomeutoidea (Lepidoptera) in the collection of the United States National Museum of Natural History

The collection of the United States National Museum of Natural History includes 183 type specimens of Yponomeutoidea: 106 holotypes, 24 lectotypes, 2 neotypes and 14 species described from syntypes. The primary type specimens of Yponomeutoidea are catalogued with annotations of their collecting data, specimen condition and, if any, uncertainty involving in the type series. Lectotypes are designated for 23 species comprising six Argyresthiidae: Argyresthia alternatella Kearfott, 1908, A. bolliella Busck, 1907, A. castaneella Busck, 1915, A. furcatella Busck, 1916, A. laricella Kearfott, 1908, A. libocedrella Busck, 1916; two Attevidae: Atteva exquisita Busck, 1912, Oeta comptana var. floridana Neumoegen, 1891; Bedelliidae: Bedellia minor Busck, 1900; two Glyphipterigidae: Abrenthia cuprea Busck, 1915, Glyphipterix semiflavana Issiki, 1930; two Heliodinidae: Lamprolophus lithella Busck, 1900, Scelorthus pisoniella Busck, 1900; three Lyonetiidae: Leucoptera erythrinella Busck, 1900, L. pachystimella Busck, 1904, L. smilaciella Busck, 1900; Praydidae: Eucatagma amyrisella Busck, 1900; three Yponomeutidae: Swammerdamia castaneae Busck, 1914, Zelleria celastrusella Kearfott, 1903, Z. gracilariella Busck, 1904; three putative yponomeutoids: Pliniaca bakerella Busck, 1907, Pl. sparsisquamella Busck, 1907, Podiasa chiococcella Busck, 1900.