Évaluation de la dose aux patients lors de l’examen du thorax de face à Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Our study aims to evaluate medical practices in order to reduce patient doses for frontal examination of the thorax in postero-anterior view. Thus, in five (5) radiological rooms of five (5) most frequented hospitals in Abidjan, thirty (30) patients per medical center, meaning a total of one hundred and fifty (150) patients, providing chest examination reports were followed. Using a DAP- meter consisting of an ionization chamber attached to the outlet of the tube and an electrometer, the dose in air (Dair) was measured. Then by calculating the entry dose (De) for each patient was determined. Thus, from the statistical method of the 75th percentile we determine the level of diagnostic references (DRL) in each room as well as in all the rooms of our study. The inlet dose averages (Dem) in each room and in all rooms were calculated. The couples (NRD, Dem) per room expressed in mGy (0.252, 0.226), (0.249, 0.213), (0.164, 0.159), (0.128, 0.117) and (0.234, 0.211) respectively at the CHU of Cocody, CHU of Yopougon, HMA, ICA and PISAM. By comparing the NRD value of De to that of Dem in each radiological room, we found Dem values lower than the NRD. This indicates that the doses are optimized in the rooms of our study, likewise, for all the rooms in Abidjan (0.220, 0.177). However, the average values of the voltage 104.04 kV and the load 4.55 mAs tell us that efforts can be made in the rooms of our study, increasing the voltage and reducing the load, to avoid unneeded doses of X-rays.

Morphometric Analysis of Axis Vertebra in Northeastern Brazil

Introduction: The axis is the second cervical vertebra and differs from the others by presenting particular anatomical landmarks. Morphological variations of the axis in different populations have clinical importance, since the lack of anatomical reference may compromise surgical procedures in this region. Objective: To analyze the morphometry of axis vertebra in northeastern Brazil. Methodology: Data collection was performed at the Federal University of Paraiba. Fifty-eight axis were used. Damaged or infantile vertebrae were excluded.Morphometric analysis was performed using a digital caliper and the data were statistically analyzed. Results were considered significant when p<0.05. Results: The width of the pars interarticulares was 9.25±1.68mm and the height was 7.37±1.87mm. The height of the dens of the axis in an anterior view was 16.29±1.82mm and the width was 9.41±0.86mm. The width of the articular face of the dens was 8.27±0.88mm. The anteroposterior length of the vertebral body was 15.29±2.02mm, the width was 16.79±1.68mm, and the height in anterior view was 19.96±2.48mm. The mean height of the vertebral lamina was 10.89±1.64mm and the anteroposterior length was 20.33±2.13mm. Significant difference was observed between right and left sides of anteroposterior length (p=0.012). Conclusion: Axis morphometry was shown for the first time in a specific population from northeastern Brazil. Morphological differences were observed in the present study and differ from others in the literature. These data may serve as guidance for professionals who will perform any procedures in this region, highlighting the importance of anatomical knowledge and its variations.

OBSTETRIC GYNECOLOGICAL SOCIETY IN KIEV

MO Kleinman reported "a case of a vaginal septum obstructed during labor." A fleshy septum, thick as a goose feather, going from the anterior wall of the vagina to the posterior wall, prevented the forward movement of the child, who was in the second leg position in the anterior view. When the child was removed, the septum first caught on the gluteal fold, and then on the right axillary cavity; it was cut with scissors between two ligatures.

What Is the Ideal Instagram Filter?

Background Social media, particularly Instagram, is becoming a prominent part of the plastic surgeon-patient relationship. Recent surveys are revealing a trend toward patients bringing filtered selfies to their plastic surgery consultation as a way to communicate expectations to their doctors. But which Instagram filters create a more flattering or youthful appearance, and why? Objectives This study set out to determine which Instagram filters create the “Most Flattering,” “Most Youthful,” “Least Flattering,” and “Least Youthful” appearances. Methods Standardized anterior view photos were taken of three Caucasian women: aged 38, 48, and 58 years. These photos were then altered using the color Instagram filters, randomly arranged and printed on photo paper. A questionnaire was created, asking respondents to determine which of the photos made each subject look “Most Flattering,” “Most Youthful,” “Least Flattering,” and “Least Youthful.” Results A total of 78 respondents participated in the study. The filters determined to be “Most Flattering” were, in order, Juno, Lark, and Sierra. The filters determined to be “Most Youthful” were Reyes, Rise, and Gingham. The filters voted “Least Flattering” were Hefe, X-Pro, and Slumber. “Least Youthful” filters were Perpetua, Crema, and Aden. Conclusions Instagram filters can be a very valuable way for patients to communicate their expectations with plastic surgeons. By studying why these filters are chosen by patients, we can better understand what results our patients are looking for.