FIRST REPORT OF CANINE MYIASIS WITH SHEEP NASAL BOT FLY, Oestrus ovis, IN SLOVENIA

First larval stage (L1) of Oestrus ovis was recovered by flushing of the nasal cavity during rhinoscopy in an urban living dog. The dog was taken to the Small animal clinic after an acute onset of sneezing and bilateral nasal discharge. In Europe, there are sporadic reports of nasal myiasis in dogs caused by sheep bot flies, and the overall prevalence of O. ovis is high in Mediterranean countries. Because of its habitat expansion due to climate change, it should be considered as a differential diagnosis when an animal patient presents with signs of rhinitis in areas bordering the Mediterranean climate. This is the first report of a dog infested by sheep nasal bot fly in Slovenia.Key words: Oestrus ovis; sheep bot fly; nasal myiasis; dog; climate changesPRVI PRIMER PASJE MIAZE Z OVČJIM NOSNIM ZOLJEM, Oestrus ovis, V SLOVENIJIIzvleček: Med rinoskopijo in spiranjem nosne votline, smo pri psu, ki živi v urbanem okolju, ugotovili ličinke prve stopnje (L1) zajedavca Oestrus ovis. Lastniki so psa pripeljali na Kliniko za male živali po akutnem izbruhu kihanja in bilateralnega nosnega izcedka. V Evropi so dokumentirani sporadični primeri nosne miaze pri psih zaradi ovčjega nosnega zolja, O. ovis, in skupna prevalenca ovčjega zajedavca je v mediteranskih državah visoka. Zaradi klimatskih sprememb, se habitat nosnih zoljev čedalje bolj širi, za kar je pomembno O. ovis vključiti v seznam diferencialnih diagnoz pri pacientih s kliničnimi znaki rinitisa tudi na področjih, ki mejijo na mediteransko klimo. To je prvi opisan primer infestacije psa z ovčjim nosnim zoljem v Sloveniji.Ključne besede: Oestrus ovis; ovčja nosni zolj; nosna miaza; pes; podnebne spremembe

An Unusual Cause of Facial swelling – Bot Fly Larva in an Infant – A Case Report

‘Myiasis’ is a term used to describe an infestation of humans or animals with dipterous larvae [1]. Due to increased international travel in recent times, health professionals in the UK may encounter these infections more commonly than before. We present a case of a 6 month infant who had been bitten by Dermatobia hominis Bot fly in Brazil and travelled back to the UK. The original diagnosis was of an infected insect bite, which ultimately delayed appropriate management. A detailed travel history is therefore paramount and these types of infections should be considered in differential diagnoses. Management should also involve the infectious diseases team.

The impact of temperature on the life cycle of Gasterophilus pecorum in northwest China

Background The departure of the mature larvae of the horse stomach bot fly from the host indicates the beginning of a new infection period. Gasterophilus pecorum is the dominant bot fly species in the desert steppe of the Kalamaili Nature Reserve (KNR) of northwest China as a result of its particular biological characteristics. The population dynamics of G. pecorum were studied to elucidate the population development of this species in the arid desert steppe. Methods Larvae in the freshly excreted feces of tracked Przewalski’s horses (Equus przewalskii) were collected and recorded. The larval pupation experiments were carried out under natural conditions. Results There was a positive correlation between the survival rate and the number of larvae expelled (r = 0.630, p < 0.01); the correlation indicated that the species had characteristic peaks of occurrence. The main periods during which mature larvae were expelled in the feces were from early April to early May (peak I) and from mid-August to early September (peak II); the larval population curve showed a sudden increase and gradual decrease at both peaks. Under the higher temperatures of peak II, the adults developing from the larvae had a higher survival rate, higher pupation rate, higher emergence rate and shorter eclosion period than those developing from peak I larvae. Although G. pecorum has only one generation per year, its occurrence peaked twice annually, i.e. the studied population has a bimodal distribution, which doubles parasitic pressure on the local host. This phenomenon is very rarely recorded in studies on insect life history, and especially in those on parasite epidemiology. Conclusion The period during which G. pecorum larvae are naturally expelled from the host exceeds 7 months in KNR, which indicates that there is potentially a long period during which hosts can become infected with this parasite. The phenomenon of two annual peaks of larvae expelled in feces is important as it provides one explanation for the high rate of equine myiasis in KNR.

Rabbit Bot Fly Furuncular, Tracheopulmonary, and Human Bot Fly Infestations in Connecticut (Oestridae: Cuterebrinae)

Endemic and tropical human bot infestations are relatively uncommon or unreported in the United States. We report two cases in Connecticut: an unusual furuncular and respiratory myiasis by the rabbit bot Cuterebra buccata (Fab.) (Diptera: Oestridae) in a 74-yr-old male and a case of human bot fly, Dermatobia hominis (L.) (Diptera: Oestridae), myiasis in a 4-yr-old female with a tropical travel history with her family. Identification of C. buccata was based morphologically, in part, on spinal armature and further corroborated by DNA sequencing of the mitochondrial COI gene and comparison to the National Center for Biotechnology Information GenBank DNA sequence database. The resulting annotated sequence data were deposited into the National Center for Biotechnology Information GenBank. The unique medical aspects, and limitations and specifics on bot fly larval habits and identification are discussed.