The Geriatric Swallow: Through Thick and Thin

Purpose The goal of this article was to assess the utility of thickened liquids for patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia. Conclusion The use of thickened liquids is pervasive, but clinical justification and understanding varies widely among practitioners of deglutition. The benefit of diet/liquid recommendations and other compensatory strategies should be validated via instrumental examination. As highlighted in this review, thickening of liquids may pose serious implications and consequences for both a patient's physical welfare and quality of life. Careful patient selection is recommended to ensure the expected benefits from liquid thickeners outweigh the risks.

Endoscopic Septoplasty: “How I do it”

Background Multiple methods exist for nasal septoplasty. Proliferation of endoscopic technology has broadened these options. Methods Technical description of two techniques for endoscopic septoplasty. Results The endoscope can be utilized for visualization under the flaps after, a Killian or hemitransfixion incision, to address broad-based convexities. Endoscopic visualization is also useful when resecting focal spurs, with the incision placed directly over the spur apex. Conclusion With careful patient selection and technique application, use of the endoscope has augmented the practice of septoplasty.