Current understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of peripartal cardiomyopathy

The aim of the study. To analyze literature data in order to study the pathophysiological mechanisms of development of peripartum cardiomyopathy. Research methods and materials. A review of modern Russian and foreign, mainly English-speaking, literature on the pathogenetic mechanisms of IPAH development was carried out. We took into account publications not older than 6 years, published in specialized medical journals and guidelines. Results. According to the data of modern studies devoted to the peculiarities of the development of peripartum cardiomyopathy, much attention is paid to the risk factors of the disease, in particular the age-related obstetric history, pregnancy with twins or more, and arterial hypertension. In addition, the significance of genetic predisposition, inflammatory syndrome has been proven, and the vasculo-hormonal theory is being studied. Difficult issues of the etiopathogenesis of the disease, including myocarditis, the role of the prolactin-cathepsin-prolactin 16 kDa system, and malnutrition are discussed.Conclusion. Pathophysiological mechanism of development of peripartum cardiomyopathy. appears as a complex combination of inflammatory changes in the myocardium with the participation of a cardiotoxic subfragment – prolactin 16 kDa, which causes damage and dysfunction of the endothelium under hemodynamic stress against the background of possible genetic changes, which leads to damage to cardiomyocytes and a decrease in myocardial contractility.

A rare case of extra-nasopharyngeal angiofibroma of the septum in a female child

Background:Extra-nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is a rare but distinct clinical entity, different from juvenile angiofibroma.Methods:This clinical record elucidates the only case of extra-nasopharyngeal angiofibroma arising from the septum in a female child, who presented with epistaxis.Results:The histopathological diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemistry, and the case was managed surgically with no recurrence.Conclusion:In a female paediatric patient presenting with epistaxis, extra-nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (of the inferior turbinate) is a rare albeit important differential diagnosis, as it challenges the hormonal theory of angiofibroma aetiopathogenesis.

The New Perspective of Exercise as a Breast Cancer Therapy

The prevalence of cancer increases each year, from 4.7‰ in 2007 to 5 ‰ in 2013. InWest Java, the prevalence of cancer is quite high at 1.0 ‰. Obesity becomes a risk factor forcancer. Exercise is aimed to solve the obesity problem, prevent and improve the cancer patientcondition, as well as improve the quality of life of cancer patients. Exercise plays a role in thetreatment of cancer patients. The potential benefits obtained during and after exercise areincrements of strength, speed, muscle mass, physical functions, range of motions, immunefunctions, the average completeness of chemotherapy, improved body shape, moods andconfidence. For patients diagnosed with breast cancer, exercise acts as a therapeutic to preventthe disease and its etiology factors (hormonal theory, the theory of immunity and inflammationtheory). Applying the proper exercise (frequency, intensity, type and time) in cancer patientswould improve the physical performance which is impaired due to cancer. Exercise canimprove levels of fitness, muscle strength, quality of life and fatigue in patients with cancersurvivors. Diagnosis and management of cancer can decrease the system performance organsand it would be upgrade by good exercise.Keywords: breast cancer,exercise

Androgen effects on women's gendered behaviour

SummaryTest of the applicability of the hormonal theory of sex-dimorphic behaviour to adult women is achieved in this study by assembling measures of prenatal and adult androgen exposure, and a broad measure of gendered behaviour on a sample of white women aged 27–30. Androgen exposure in the second (and no other) trimester of fetal life, combined with and in interaction with adult androgens, masculinises women's behaviour and explains a substantial proportion of the within-sex variance in women's adult gendered behaviour.