Levi-Civita connections for a class of noncommutative minimal surfaces

In this paper, we study connections on hermitian modules, and show that metric connections exist on regular hermitian modules; i.e. finitely generated projective modules together with a non-singular hermitian form. In addition, we develop an index calculus for such modules, and provide a characterization in terms of the existence of a pseudo-inverse of the matrix representing the hermitian form with respect to a set of generators. As a first illustration of the above concepts, we find metric connections on the fuzzy sphere. Finally, the framework is applied to a class of noncommutative minimal surfaces, for which there is a natural concept of torsion, and we prove that there exist metric and torsion free connections for every minimal surface in this class.

Invariant Hermitian forms on vertex algebras

We study invariant Hermitian forms on a conformal vertex algebra and on their (twisted) modules. We establish existence of a non-zero invariant Hermitian form on an arbitrary [Formula: see text]-algebra. We show that for a minimal simple [Formula: see text]-algebra [Formula: see text] this form can be unitary only when its [Formula: see text]-grading is compatible with parity, unless [Formula: see text] “collapses” to its affine subalgebra.

Super-Macdonald Polynomials: Orthogonality and Hilbert Space Interpretation

The super-Macdonald polynomials, introduced by Sergeev and Veselov (Commun Math Phys 288: 653–675, 2009), generalise the Macdonald polynomials to (arbitrary numbers of) two kinds of variables, and they are eigenfunctions of the deformed Macdonald–Ruijsenaars operators introduced by the same authors in Sergeev and Veselov (Commun Math Phys 245: 249–278, 2004). We introduce a Hermitian form on the algebra spanned by the super-Macdonald polynomials, prove their orthogonality, compute their (quadratic) norms explicitly, and establish a corresponding Hilbert space interpretation of the super-Macdonald polynomials and deformed Macdonald–Ruijsenaars operators. This allows for a quantum mechanical interpretation of the models defined by the deformed Macdonald–Ruijsenaars operators. Motivated by recent results in the nonrelativistic ($$q\rightarrow 1$$ q → 1 ) case, we propose that these models describe the particles and anti-particles of an underlying relativistic quantum field theory, thus providing a natural generalisation of the trigonometric Ruijsenaars model.

The subnormal structure of classical-like groups over commutative rings

Let 𝑛 be an integer greater than or equal to 3, and let (R,\Delta) be a Hermitian form ring, where 𝑅 is commutative. We prove that if 𝐻 is a subgroup of the odd-dimensional unitary group \operatorname{U}_{2n+1}(R,\Delta) normalised by a relative elementary subgroup \operatorname{EU}_{2n+1}((R,\Delta),(I,\Omega)), then there is an odd form ideal (J,\Sigma) such that\operatorname{EU}_{2n+1}((R,\Delta),(JI^{k},\Omega_{\mathrm{min}}^{JI^{k}}\dotplus\Sigma\circ I^{k}))\leq H\leq\operatorname{CU}_{2n+1}((R,\Delta),(J,\Sigma)),where k=12 if n=3 respectively k=10 if n\geq 4. As a consequence of this result, we obtain a sandwich theorem for subnormal subgroups of odd-dimensional unitary groups.

Clifford theory of Weil representations of unitary groups

Let {\mathcal{O}} be an involutive discrete valuation ring with residue field of characteristic not 2. Let A be a quotient of {\mathcal{O}} by a nonzero power of its maximal ideal, and let {*} be the involution that A inherits from {\mathcal{O}} . We consider various unitary groups {\mathcal{U}_{m}(A)} of rank m over A, depending on the nature of {*} and the equivalence type of the underlying hermitian or skew hermitian form. Each group {\mathcal{U}_{m}(A)} gives rise to a Weil representation. In this paper, we give a Clifford theory description of all irreducible components of the Weil representation of {\mathcal{U}_{m}(A)} with respect to all of its abelian congruence subgroups and a third of its nonabelian congruence subgroups.

The Hermitian Null-range of a Matrix over a Finite Field

Let $q$ be a prime power. For $u=(u_1,\dots ,u_n), v=(v_1,\dots ,v_n)\in \mathbb {F} _{q^2}^n$, let $\langle u,v\rangle := \sum _{i=1}^{n} u_i^qv_i$ be the Hermitian form of $\mathbb {F} _{q^2}^n$. Fix an $n\times n$ matrix $M$ over $\mathbb {F} _{q^2}$. In this paper, it is considered the case $k=0$ of the set $\mathrm{Num} _k(M):= \{\langle u,Mu\rangle \mid u\in \mathbb {F} _{q^2}^n, \langle u,u\rangle =k\}$. When $M$ has coefficients in $\mathbb {F} _q$ the paper studies the set $\mathrm{Num} _k(M)_q:= \{\langle u,Mu\rangle \mid u\in \mathbb {F} _q^n,\langle u,u\rangle =k\}\subseteq \mathbb {F} _q$. The set $\mathrm{Num} _1(M)$ is the numerical range of $M$, previously introduced in a paper by Coons, Jenkins, Knowles, Luke, and Rault (case $q$ a prime $p\equiv 3\pmod{4}$), and by the author (arbitrary $q$). In this paper, it is studied in details $\mathrm{Num} _0(M)$ and $\mathrm{Num} _k(M)_q$ when $n=2$. If $q$ is even, $\mathrm{Num} _0(M)_q$ is easily described for arbitrary $n$. If $q$ is odd, then either $\mathrm{Num} _0(M)_q =\{0\}$, or $\mathrm{Num} _0(M)_q=\mathbb {F} _q$, or $\sharp (\mathrm{Num} _0(M)_q)=(q+1)/2$.