The Intensification of Hurricane Maria 2017 in the Antilles

Environmental influences on Hurricane Maria in the Antilles Islands are analyzed at the large-scale (1–25 September) and at the meso-scale (17–20 September 2017). The storm intensified rapidly prior to landfall in Dominica, going from category 1 to 5 in 15 h. As the storm progressed toward Puerto Rico (PR), its NE flank entrained air from seas cooled by the earlier passage of two hurricanes, and strengthened on its SW flank. Operational model forecasts tended to delay intensification until west of the Antilles Islands, thus motivating two independent weather research and forecasting (WRF) simulations. These gave minimal track errors at 1- to 3-day lead time. The simulation for landfall at Dominica on 19 September 2017 showed that a static nest with 0.8 km resolution using a Holland-type synthetic vortex and Yonsei University (YSU)/Kain-Fritsch schemes performed better; with a track error of 8 km and intensity error of 10 m/s. Our PR-area simulation of central pressure lagged 30 hPa behind observation; and caught up with reality by landfall in PR. The simulated rainband structure corresponded with Cloudsat observations over PR. Maria’s intensification occurred in an area of thermodynamic gradients included cooler SST in the right side of the track, so operational models with right-track bias were late in predicting intensification. Category-2 forecasts prior to 18 September 2017 left many Antilles islanders unprepared for the disaster that ensued.

The Manufacturing Process and Quality Control of a Holland Type Cheese

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of storage time on physicochemical shelf-life of Holland type cheese. Cheese samples were stored in ripening room for up to 30 days. Physicochemical parameters of cheese were assessed at 19 and 30 days of storage. Samples were analyzed for titratable acidity, fat in dry matter content, protein and salt content. No significant changes were observed in physicochemical properties during the ripening process.

Are Realistic Types Really Less Career Mature?: Year 10 Differences in Career Maturity between Holland's Work Personality Types

The Career Development Inventory and Holland's Self-Directed Search were administered to 89 Year 10 students. There were no significant differences in attitudinal career maturity between Holland's work personality types, but differences in cognitive career maturity were significant, and closely replicated the patterning obtained by Jones, Hansen and Putnam (1976), in which Investigative types had most career maturity and Realistic types had least. However, when educational achievement was used as a covariate in the relationship of cognitive career maturity and Holland type, there were no longer significant differences. A discussion is made of whether Realistic types are really less career mature, or whether measures of career maturity are inappropriate for Realistic types due to the confounding of other variables.