New descriptions of endophalli of Timarcha Samuelson, 1819 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)

The endophalli of Timarcha arragonica Balbi, 1892, T. lusitanica (Fabricius, 1781), T. pratensis Duftschmid, 1825 and T. chloropus (Germar, 1823) are described and illustrated. The taxonomic relationships among these species and with those previously studied species are discussed.

Iris pseudomeda (Iridaceae), a new species of Iris section Oncocyclus from Iran

Iris pseudomeda is described and illustrated as a new species of Iris section Oncocyclus from Kurdistan province in northwestern Iran. It occurs among subalpine flora of Zagros mountain range, on stony calcareous hillsides and the brink of grassland fields. A complete morphological description, conservation status, botanical illustrations, notes on habitat and distribution range are presented for the new species. Furthermore, taxonomic relationships of I. pseudomeda with other members of this rhizomatous bearded section, particularly I. meda, are also discussed.

A new endemic species of Vera-duthiea (Hyacinthaceae subfam. Urgineoideae) from Oman

A new species of Vera-duthiea (Hyacinthaceae) is described from the southern parts of the Dhofar province of Oman. The species is fully described and illustrated, including information on its taxonomic relationships, biology, habitat and distribution. An assessment of its conservation status is also provided.

Review of the genus Chinoperla Zwick, 1980 (Plecoptera: Perlidae: Perlinae) from China

The Chinese species of the genus Chinoperla Zwick, 1980 are reviewed. One species from Hainan is described as new to science: C. changjiangensis sp. nov. Chinoperla gorohovi Sivec & Stark, 2010 is reported from China for the first time, with a redescripion and color images of the male, and the first description of the female and egg. Chinoperla nigrifrons (Banks, 1939) is redescribed and illustrated, synonymy of C. furcomacula (Wu, 1973) is confirmed. Taxonomic relationships within the studied species are discussed. A provisional key to the six known species of Chinoperla for China is presented.

Two new species and four unknown larvae of Amphinemurinae (Plecoptera, Nemouridae) from southern China

Two new nemourid species, Amphinemura meizhouensis sp. n. and A. tulipa sp. n., are described from Guangdong Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, respectively. Four larvae of the stonefly subfamily Amphinemurinae, A. bifascia Mo, Wang, Yang & Li, 2020, A. hamiornata Li & Yang, 2008, A. yao Mo, Yang, Wang & Li, 2017, and Indonemoura scalprata (Li & Yang, 2007) are described and illustrated on the basis of recently collected specimens from southern China. The female adult of A. hamiornata is also described from the type locality. Both new species are typical members of the A. sinensis (Wu, 1926) species group and the taxonomic relationships are discussed with related congeners.

Two new species of the genus Flavoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Guangxi, China

Two new species, Flavoperla retusata Mo, Li & Wang, sp. nov. and F. yangi Mo, Li & Murányi, sp. nov. are proposed from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of southern China. Distinctness of the new species is based on morphological characters and DNA sequence comparisons with their closest known relative, F. galerispina Mo, Wang & Li, 2020. The taxonomic relationships of the two new species and related congeners are discussed.

Peliosanthes longiracemosa (Asparagaceae), a new species from limestone areas of northern Vietnam

Peliosanthes longiracemosa, a new species from limestone areas of northern Vietnam, is described and illustrated. It is most similar to P. macrostegia in having a distally incurved staminal corona and a distinct pyramidal style, but clearly distinguishable chiefly by the broader leaf blades with more longitudinal veins and closer transverse veinlets, relatively longer, more slender raceme, more numerous widely expanded flowers with recurved perianth segments, and more incrassate, depressed globose staminal corona. Information on the habitat and phenology as well as notes on the taxonomic relationships with other congeners is also provided.

Test structure in some pioneer multichambered Paleozoic foraminifera

Foraminiferal wall microstructures, consistent with the molecular-based high-rank classification, are critical to understanding foraminiferal evolution and advanced taxonomic relationships. Although test structures are well documented for recent, Cenozoic, and some Mesozoic foraminifera, the diagnostic characteristics of Paleozoic taxa are largely unexplored. The majority of calcareous Paleozoic foraminifera have been assigned to the Fusulinata based on questionable homogeneously “microgranular” test wall microstructures, which have never been sufficiently documented for most taxa. We investigated the test structures of exceptionally well-preserved Devonian (Eifelian) Semitextularia thomasi, representing the first calcareous true multichambered (serial) foraminifera, and compared this species with a large fusiform Permian representative of “true” fusulinids (Neoschwagerinidae). The tests of Semitextularia thomasi display lamellar structures that are not observed in any other fossil or recent foraminiferal group. The Paleozoic foraminifera, traditionally referred to one taxon (the class Fusulinata), possess at least three contrasting test wall microstructures, representing separate high-rank taxonomic groups. Fusulinata is most likely a highly polyphyletic group that is in need of taxonomic revision. The term Fusulinata, defined as including all Paleozoic calcareous forms except Miliolida and Lagenata, is not phylogenetically meaningful and should no longer be used or should be restricted to true complex fusulinids with microgranular test structures, which appeared in the Carboniferous.

Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies

The tribe Otteiini is a group of cave crickets, that were believed only to inhabit the Greater Antilles (Cuba, Cayman Islands, and Hispaniola). However, when reviewing and studying similar cave crickets in Mexico, their relationship was proven with island taxa, expanding their distribution to the continental area, from the Yucatan Peninsula to the Gulf and Northeast of Mexico. Herein, the genus Paracophus is divided, and three additional genera are described: Hubbellcophus n. gen., Venegascophus n. gen. and Hortacophus n. gen. Also, two additional species for Paracophus are described (P. victoriensis n. sp. and P. velazquezi n. sp.). Diagnoses for all genera and dichotomous keys for genera and species are provided. Finally, the taxonomic relationships between the insular and continental taxa of the tribe are discussed, and the different taxonomic placements they had over time, with some genera located in Phalangopsinae and Luzarinae (Phalangopsidae) and Pentacentrinae (Gryllidae).