Laboratory-scaled Azimuthal Resistivity Survey for Fracture Detection

We conducted azimuthal resistivity survey (ARS) at laboratory scale to study apparent resistivity patterns due to fracture existing in subsurface through physical modeling using test objects buried in a sandbox as well as in a test location outside laboratory building. This survey was divided into 2 experiments, i.e. experiment A and experiment B. In experiment A the survey is implemented on 2.50 m x 1.5 m x 0.81 m sandbox, made of 10mm thick glass plates. Sandstone was used as medium representing quasi homogenous medium. Clay roof tiles as well as steel plates as test objects were buried in the sandbox with three different deep angles: 90°, 45° and 0°. In experiment B this survey was conducted outside laboratory building on the grass field and implemented on 2.50 m x 2.5 m x 1.0 m soil body. Vertical single glass plate as well as vertical double glass plates at 30 cm distance were buried in the soil body. Azimuthal resistivity measurements at 15° angular step using Wenner and dipole-dipole configuration were carried out in both experiments located at 1 point just above anomalous object for experiment A and at 3 points at 15 cm distance from anomalous object for experiment B. As a compliment to ARS we acquired profiling data from two lines parallel and perpendicular to horizontal axis of anomalous object. Our results show that the apparent resistivity pattern can show the direction of anomalous object for both configurations and experiments with a little deviation.

Examination of specific effects of different homeopathic preparations on cress seedlings with a CuCl2-biocrystallization assay

The effect of six different homeopathic remedies on cress (Lepidium sativum L.) has been examined by CuCl2-biocrystallization. The method was based on the protocols of [1] and a follow up study (not yet published). Cress seeds germinated and grew for four days in vitro in a 30x potentization of Stannum metallicum, Arsenic Album, Mercurius metallicum, Sulphur, Silicea or Lactose (control) in a blinded and fully randomized assignment. Each remedy was prepared sterile and divided into 20 bottles used in 10 experiments. CuCl2-biocrystallization of seedlings extracted in the homeopathic preparations was performed on circular glass plates. Resulting biocrystallograms were analysed by digital textural image analysis. Texture analysis variables analysed yielded significant results between the control and some of the homeopathic treatments, as well as between a number of the different treatments. As the texture of the biocrystallograms of homeopathically treated cress exhibited effects depending on the remedies, the CuCl2-biocrystallization method will be further applied to a larger study investigating specific effects of different homeopathic preparations.

DATA FUSION OF HISTORICAL PHOTOGRAPHS WITH MODERN 3D DATA FOR AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATION – CONCEPT AND FIRST RESULTS

Through the destruction of war, most of the documents of an archaeological excavation from 1934 – 1939 of a megalithic tomb in north-west Germany have been destroyed irretrievably. Fortunately, more than 500 historical pictures have been preserved, which visually document the excavation situation at that time. Parts of the image collection are preserved on fragile glass plates that are difficult to preserve and have to be digitised urgendly. A method for digitising these glass plates will be presented first. With the help of the digitised historical images, the excavation situation at that time shall be reconstructed. Since a reconstruction based only on the historical images is not possible, the current state of the megalithic tombs has been recorded with modern measuring technology and a 3D model has been calculated. The aim is to fuse the historical images with the modern 3D model. For this purpose, different possibilities of linking the data are presented. As first results, point clouds calculated by Structure from Motion and the orientation of historical images in relation to the modern 3D model using direct linear transformation are shown. The hybrid model of historical and modern data will be used for archaeological interpretations of the excavation.