Differential approach to the treatment of macular hemorrhages in valsalva retinopathy

Purpose. Analysis of the diagnosis results and treatment of patients with macular hemorrhages in Valsalva retinopathy. Material and methods. The analysis was included 4 patients (4 eyes) with a diagnosis of Valsalva retinopathy. All patients were underwent a standard ophthalmological examination, as well as optical coherence tomography with angiography function (OCT-A). Results. To evaluate the results obtained in the course of a different approach to the treatment of macular hemorrhages. Conclusion. It is necessary to determine the approach to the choice of treatment tactics for patients with Valsalva retinopathy in a timely and differentiated manner, taking into account the prescription of the pathological process, the localization and volume of hemorrhage. Key words: macular hemorrhage, preretinal hemorrhage, internal limiting membrane (ILM), Valsalva retinopathy.

Valsalva Retinopathy and Pregnancy

Pregnancy is a risk factor for Valsalva retinopathy. We report a case of a 33 year old pregnant woman, who presented Valsalva retinopathy after an effort of defecation followed by constipation. The diagnosis should be made after eliminating other causes of hemorrhage. The evolution is usually spontaneously favorable.

A case of air pollution-induced Valsalva retinopathy

This is a case of Valsalva retinopathy during the season of annual transboundary haze pollution in Sarawak. A 22-year-old man with no known medical illness developed sudden onset of painless visual acuity loss preceded by persistent cough. Left eye fundus showed dense preretinal haemorrhage covering optic disc extendinginferiorly with breakthrough vitreous haemorrhage. The patient underwent pars plana vitrectomy, endolaser, and fluid gas exchange in view of persistent dense vitreous haemorrhage after a month of conservative management. In conclusion, pars plana vitrectomy can be considered as a safe and effective treatment option for patients with Valsalva retinopathy developing extensive premacular haemorrhage.

Correlation between pregnancy and eye blindness (valsalva retinopathy)

Eye diseases during pregnancy can be classified according to the cause of disease as the disease can be pregnancy-induced or due to presence of pre-existing eye disorder or due to normal physiological changes with pregnancy. Here, we have a case of valsalva retinopathy which demonstrates a condition resulting from increase in the intra-abdominal and intra-thoracic pressures owing to multiple bearing-downs in normal labour due to bad management of the process of normal labour. Ophthalmologists plus obstetricians play great role in prevention and diagnosing valsalva retinopathy. Prevention could be managed through curbing the patient from straining and by proper management of normal labour so pregnancy is a risk factor for valsalva retinopathy.