VARIATION IN THE INSERTION OF BICEPS BRACHII MUSCLE: A CASE REPORT

<bold>Introduction:</bold> Biceps brachii is a large, fusiform muscle of upper limb having two heads of origin; the short head arising by a thick flattened tendon from the apex of the coracoid process Paper Submission Dateand the long head from supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula. The flattened tendon at the lower end rotates as it passes through the cubital fossa to its insertion into the posterior border of tuberosity of the radius. <bold>Case History:</bold> During routine cadaveric dissection of undergraduate teaching program in SRMS IMS, Bareilly,we found rare variation in the insertion of biceps. We observed unilateral Paper Publication Date variation in the insertion of biceps muscle. The biceps tendon at its insertion was divided into July 2016 three distinct parts. Main tendon of long head inserts on radial tuberosity. This tendon of long head sends musculotendinous slip to pronator teres muscle. The short head sends DOI musculotendinous slip to flexor carpi radialis and its tendon does not insert on radial tuberosity despite formation of common belly with long head. The origin of muscle is normal and from two heads – short head and long head. The muscle is supplied by musculocutaneous nerve. <bold>Conclusion:</bold> The triple tendon insertion may allow an element of independent function of each portion of the biceps, and during repair of an avulsion, the surgeon should ensure correct orientation of both tendon components.

Incidence of the third head of biceps brachii in population of Andhra Pradesh

Background and aims : The biceps brachii is a large fusiform muscle in the flexor compartment of the arm. In terms of the number and morphology of its head, the biceps brachii muscle is one of the most variable muscles in human body. The present study explores the importance of such variations. Materials and methods: The upper limbs of embalmed human cadavers (fixed in 10 % formaldehyde solution) were included in present study. Total 36 (72 upper limbs) cadavers were studied by dissection. Results: Among the 72 superior extremities studied, six (8.33%) arms were found to have a three- headed biceps brachii muscles. The variation was present in the left arm of four males and one female. The variation was present in the right arm of one male. Conclusion : Presence of third head of biceps brachii muscle might increase its kinematics. Supernumerary heads of biceps brachii muscle may become significant in pre-operative procedure and during surgery of upper limb.

The thickness and collagen content of tendon relative to the strength and cross-sectional area of muscle

The orientation of fibrous tissue in tendon suggests a mechanical influence upon the growth of collagen, but in adult rabbits no strict correlation was found between the thickness of certain tendons and the strength of their muscles. The maximum tension transmitted by the collagen in tendons of three fusiform muscles was over fifty per cent greater than that transmitted by the same amount of tendon collagen in three penniform muscles. A similar though smaller difference between these two groups was found in the thickness of their tendons relative to the cross-sectional area of their muscle fasciculi. The tendon of a slow, red, fusiform muscle was relatively thicker than those of the other muscles which were all of the fast, white type.