Determinants of Fixed Asset Investment in the Polish Farms

The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting the level of investment activity of agricultural producers in Poland. Detailed studies included 4309 farms that kept accounts within the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) accounting system in the years 2010–2018. The study uses Person’s linear correlation method, the multiple correlation method, and regression analysis. For the regression analysis, both static and dynamic models were applied. The level of expenditure on agricultural investment varied in the surveyed households and showed an upward trend during the years 2010–2018. Studies have shown that the investment activity of Polish farms largely depends on the possibility of raising funds from European Union programs dedicated, inter alia, to the development of agricultural holdings. The regression analysis demonstrated that the principal factors affecting the level of agricultural investment include: the amount of long-term liabilities, the family income of the farm, and the amount of investment subsidies. Preferential loans are an important parameter in a dynamic investment model. This study suggests that agricultural policy factors should be taken into account to ensure the appropriate development of Polish farms.

An Economic Analysis of The Impact of Some Agricultural Economic Variables on Iraq’s Agricultural Gross Domestics Production Using ccr Model (2008-2019)

The research aimed to determine the impact of some agricultural economic variables on agricultural domestic products. This relationship was estimated between agricultural loans and agricultural investment and the rate of agricultural capital accumulation as independent variables, and agricultural GDP as a dependent variable during the period 2008 - 2019 with quarterly data, so that the number of surveyed observations became 48 observations and using the legal canonical Cointegrating Regression (CCR), the results showed that there is a positive and very high impact for each of the variables of agricultural loans and capital accumulation while the agricultural investment variable was not significant despite its positive sign. The research recommended that agricultural lending should in-kind take the largest share of the loan while being the dominant one and that has tightened control over the destination of the agricultural loan and the guarantees of its repayment on time.

Farmer-herder conflicts, tenure insecurity and farmer’s investment decisions in Agogo, Ghana

Owing to climate change, population growth and tenurial changes, the past decade has witnessed high interest among migrant and settler pastoralist groups in the vegetal-rich customary lands of the Agogo Traditional Area. This has resulted in lease grants of large land areas to pastoralists by traditional authorities and usufruct families, for reasons of ensuring optimum use and gaining the highest returns from lands. This paper examines the implications of consequent competing interests over land resources between farmers and herders on indigenous farmer’s agricultural investment decisions. The study uses qualitative methods and empirical evidence is given by primary data from semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions in the case study area. Results indicated that land owners exploit lapses in customary land administration systems to allocate lands in exchange for money, to pastoralists while neglecting indigenous farmers’ land use rights. Thus, indigenous farmers report land tenure insecurity and a sense of deprivation from their customary lands. Despite tenure insecurity concerns, farmer’s agricultural investment decisions remain unchanged because such changes in investment decisions may reduce incomes and compromise their livelihoods. The findings herein contradict theoretical expectations and provide new perspectives for understanding the relationship between tenure (in)security and investment decisions.