Three Cords Twisted Together. The Investment Model, Religiousness and Forgiveness

The main purpose of the present research is to explore the influence of religiousness on couple commitment, drawing from previous studies where religiousness was confirmed as a strong predictor for positive relationship outcomes. We also aim to analyze relationship satisfaction as a mediating variable between religiousness and commitment. Furthermore, the study seeks to investigate forgiveness in dyadic romantic relationships, testing its role as a moderator of the association between relationship satisfaction and commitment. The procedure includes the recruitment of heterosexual students enrolled in post-graduate courses and their partners to take part in the present study. The final sample consists of 116 individuals involved in romantic relationships. All participants filled in a series of validated self-reported measures, providing data which was analyzed using parametric statistical tests. Additionally, we conducted mediation and moderation analyses. Results indicate that relationship satisfaction is positively associated with commitment, whereas religiousness is positively associated with relationship satisfaction, thus having an indirect effect on commitment. Additionally, considering overall forgiveness as well as the negative vs. positive components of the construct, we find that positive forgiveness is associated with commitment, when satisfaction is also considered in the equation. The current results have important therapeutic implications, such as using forgiveness-related therapies for couples and enhancing relationship satisfaction as means to consolidate relationship commitment.

Integrated Intellectual Investment Portfolio as an Efficient Instrument to Manage Personal Financial Investment

The redistribution of resources in global stock markets is prevalent: the capital is transferred from one investor to another. Sometimes, earning a substantial return in the stock market seems complicated to implement for an individual investor. Investing contributes to the welfare of society and the wealth of citizens. This is why people should look for efficient ways to invest. Investment should become a natural part of personal finance management in the majority of households. For this reason, an investment model is developed where stocks are selected based only on market intelligence using historical data. The model helps find one or several stocks that generate the highest return on a separate step. Applying this model, experiments were performed with daily data from German, US, and UK stock markets. The possibility of obtaining higher than average returns in these markets has been noticed. In the German market, during the 97-day period, the authors obtained a 1.46 return, which implies a 2.31 annual return: in the USA market, a 2.37 return (7.93 annual return), and in the UK market, a 1.90 return (4.09 annual return). Thus, the proposed investment decision-making system could be an efficient tool for forming a sustainable individual or household portfolio. It can generate higher investment returns for an investor and, moreover, make the market more efficient by applying market intelligence and related historical data.

Investments in the Sustainable Development of the Potato Sector in Ukraine Based on the Optimal Balance of Production and Consumption

Growing role of potato farming in food security system of the country needs attracting the new investment in preserving and process restructuring of the sector, at scientifically proven approach to defining the optimal scope of potato production, processing, and storage – to avoid the extra stocks, unnecessary losses, and inefficient investment resources at any stage of agri-food chain. Purpose of the study is to justify the conceptual model of investing in development of Ukrainian potato sector, based on calculated optimal structure of balance between potato production and consumption, as well as the effective combination of fresh and processed products, to ensure competitive parameters of potato market in actual market environment. Object of the study is forming and increasing the added value in agri-food chain, due to optimal parameters of balance between potato production and consumption. The study methodology is based on system analysis laws, which allow justifying the competitive parameters of Ukrainian potato sector in varying economic space, thus reducing the unnecessary loss in “producing-processing-transporting-sale-consumption” chain. Use of developed optimization model for potato production/consumption balance, by minimizing the potato residues at the end of year, revealed the extra stock (2.4 million tons) in early 2020, which was unbalanced with consumer demand. Due to inefficient distribution of gross potato yield in Ukraine, conclusion was made on need to reduce investment in overproduction (17.5%) and direct the major investment flows in potato processing industry, increase the export potential, and expand the foreign market boundaries for Ukrainian potato products, semi-finished and fresh products, at ensuring the relevant quality. In this view, authors proposed a conceptual investment model for potato sector of Ukraine, based on optimal balance of potato production and consumption till 2027, which ensures achieving the strategic result in terms of global competition.

Research on Optimal Investment Reinsurance of Insurance Companies under Delayed Risk Model

The reinsurance and investment portfolio of insurance companies has always been a hot issue in insurance business. In insurance practice, it is inevitable for insurance companies to invest their own funds in order to expand their capital scale and enhance market competitiveness so as to obtain greater returns. At the same time, in order for insurance companies to disperse insurance risks and to avoid too concentrated claims or catastrophes caused by failure to perform compensation responsibilities, the purchase of reinsurance business has also become an important way. Stochastic control theory is widely used in reinsurance and investment issues. Based on the reinsurance system architecture, this paper establishes a reinsurance delay risk investment model, which reduces the amount of claims to be borne by buying proportional reinsurance to avoid bankruptcy caused by the excessive amount of claims. By using the delayed venture capital model to describe the earnings of insurance companies, the optimal investment and reinsurance strategy are solved under the optimization criterion of minimizing the probability of bankruptcy. By analyzing the model parameter data, the influence of each parameter on optimal investment strategy and optimal reinsurance strategy is discussed.

Associated probabilities aggregations in multistage investment decision-making

PurposeThe attributes that influence the selection of applicants and the relevant crediting decisions are naturally distinguished by interactions and interdependencies. A new method of possibilistic discrimination analysis (MPDA) was developed for the second stage to address this phenomenon. The method generates positive and negative discrimination measures for each alternative applicant in relation to a particular attribute. The obtained discrimination pair reflects the interaction of attributes and represents intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (IFNs). For the aggregation of applicant's discrimination intuitionistic fuzzy assessments (with respect to attributes), new intuitionistic aggregation operators, such as AsP-IFOWA and AsP-IFOWG, are defined and studied. The new operators are certain extensions of the well-known Choquet integral and Yager OWA operators. The extensions, in contrast to the Choquet aggregation, take into account all possible interactions of the attributes by introducing associated probabilities of a fuzzy measure.Design/methodology/approachFor optimal planning of investments distribution and decreasing of credit risks, it is crucial to have selected projects ranked within deeply detailed investment model. To achieve this, a new approach developed in this article involves three stages. The first stage is to reduce a possibly large number of applicants for credit, and here, the method of expertons is used. At the second stage, a model of improved decisions is built, which reduces the risks of decision making. In this model, as it is in multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) + multi-objective decision-making (MODM), expert evaluations are presented in terms of utility, gain, and more. At the third stage, the authors construct the bi-criteria discrete intuitionistic fuzzy optimization problem for making the most profitable investment portfolio with new criterion: 1) Maximization of total ranking index of selected applicants' group and classical criterion and 2) Maximization of total profit of selected applicants' group.FindingsThe example gives the Pareto fronts obtained by both new operators, the Choquet integral and Yager OWA operators also well-known TOPSIS approach, for selecting applicants and awarding credits. For a fuzzy measure, the possibility measure defined on the expert evaluations of attributes is taken.Originality/valueThe comparative analysis identifies the applicants who will receive the funding sequentially based on crediting resources and their requirements. It has become apparent that the use of the new criterion has given more credibility to applicants in making optimal credit decisions in the environment of extended new operators, where the phenomenon of interaction of all attributes was also taken into account.

Capturing behavioural outcomes through branded applications: the perspective of the investment model

PurposeNumerous companies have launched branded applications to foster consumer–brand relationships. Due to fierce competition among branded apps, the retention rate is quite low. The facilitation of behavioural outcomes through branded apps is a highly relevant research area. This paper investigates the drivers of behavioural outcomes in the context of branded apps from an investment model perspective.Design/methodology/approachThis work examines various branded apps primarily used by consumers in disparate product categories, namely, Target, Walmart, Under Armour, Nike, Pandora, Spotify, Starbucks, Burger King, Disney and Netflix. Four hundred and one valid online questionnaires were obtained and partial least squares structural equation modelling was used for data analysis.FindingsThe results obtained extend the investment model to the context of branded apps and show that app investment size and app satisfaction facilitate brand relationship commitment, successively enhancing app continuance intention, brand purchase intention and app word-of-mouth (WOM) intention. Furthermore, app confidence benefits and self-enhancement benefits facilitate app satisfaction, while app social benefits and special treatment benefits facilitate app investment size.Originality/valueThe present work applies an investment model to various branded apps to show how relationship components facilitate behavioural outcomes. We contribute to the literature by identifying four types of app relational benefits as drivers of relationship components in the context of branded apps.

Determinants of Fixed Asset Investment in the Polish Farms

The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting the level of investment activity of agricultural producers in Poland. Detailed studies included 4309 farms that kept accounts within the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) accounting system in the years 2010–2018. The study uses Person’s linear correlation method, the multiple correlation method, and regression analysis. For the regression analysis, both static and dynamic models were applied. The level of expenditure on agricultural investment varied in the surveyed households and showed an upward trend during the years 2010–2018. Studies have shown that the investment activity of Polish farms largely depends on the possibility of raising funds from European Union programs dedicated, inter alia, to the development of agricultural holdings. The regression analysis demonstrated that the principal factors affecting the level of agricultural investment include: the amount of long-term liabilities, the family income of the farm, and the amount of investment subsidies. Preferential loans are an important parameter in a dynamic investment model. This study suggests that agricultural policy factors should be taken into account to ensure the appropriate development of Polish farms.

MECHANISMS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF THE REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN PANDEMIC CONDITIONS

The article is devoted to the mechanisms of development of scientific and innovative activities of the territories of the Russian Federation in the context of a pandemic. As a result of the conducted review of literature, statistics, factology, the development of scientific and innovative activities in the regions of the Russian Federation in the context of a pandemic is analyzed. Comparative analysis of regional statistics made it possible to typologize them according to the quality of development of information resources of the economy. The article compares the foreign experience in the development of scientific and innovative activities and the methodology of the catch-up development model used in the USSR. All this made it possible to typologize territories for the development of scientific and innovative activities in the context of a pandemic.The study compares the successes of Russia in confronting the pandemic and the scenarios for the development of these successes in various models of the development of information resources of the economy in the form of knowledge, competencies, OIC, intangible assets. The purpose of the article: typologization of the territories of the Russian Federation according to the qualitative characteristics of innovative growth and the evolutionary development of information resources of the economy, the effectiveness of the measures used to combat the pandemic, in order to develop patterns and contradictions in the development of scientific and innovative activities in the regions of Russia. The research objectives are: Typology of the territories of the Russian Federation by the quality of innovative growth; Conclusions of the research: The USSR had extensive experience in the methodology for the development of scientific and innovative activities known as the "catch-up development model". Japan in the 50-80s, South Korea in the 80-2000s and today's China and their regions and territories successfully apply it and achieve significant success in the development of scientific and innovative activities. This leads to evolutionary changes in the countries themselves and their regions, they evolve each time the following groups, higher in terms of development. This methodology using open innovation methods can be perceived in Russia and its regions. For a more detailed demonstration, the article developed the patterns and contradictions of the existing model for the development of scientific and innovative activities in a pandemic. Which showed that the reached limits of economic growth in the 90-2000s by type, exclusively related to the investment model, as well as the introduced elements of the transitional type of the model to catch-up have their solution through the use of the open innovation method. This method makes it possible to deeply and thoroughly process foreign intangible assets in order to obtain, on their own technological basis, their own IP, the introduction of which and transformation into intangible assets takes place in TNCs and state corporations. Thus, the protection of the exclusive rights obtained by the method of open innovation is carried out by big business, which has all the necessary resources for this, especially in the countries of the global center and catching-up development.

Preliminary Analysis of the Past and Planned Investments Measure in Turkish Dual-Career Married Individuals

This study documents the basic psychometrics of the Past and Planned Investments Measure (PPIM; Goodfriend & Agnew, 2008) in a Turkish sample. Two hundred and sixty-four dual-career married individuals participated and completed the Turkish version of the PPIM (PPIM-TR) along with the Investment Model Scale (IMS; Rusbult, Martz, & Agnew, 1998) and a demographic information form. A four-factor structure of PPIM was confirmed via confirmatory factor analysis albeit with an item deletion due to its irrelevance to Turkish culture. Adequate criterion validity and satisfactory internal consistency results were obtained as a result of the confirmatory factor analysis. Based on the preliminary investigation, the Turkish PPIM proved to be a promising and psychometrically sound measure of the past and planned investments dual-career married individuals make in their relationships. Consequently, the findings were discussed in relation to the relevant literature, implications for counselors were mentioned, and recommendations for future research were presented.