critical investigation
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2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Tamargo ◽  
Natalia Molinero ◽  
Julián J. Reinosa ◽  
Victor Alcolea-Rodriguez ◽  
Raquel Portela ◽  
...  

AbstractMicroplastics (MPs) are a widely recognized global problem due to their prevalence in natural environments and the food chain. However, the impact of microplastics on human microbiota and their possible biotransformation in the gastrointestinal tract have not been well reported. To evaluate the potential risks of microplastics at the digestive level, completely passing a single dose of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) through the gastrointestinal tract was simulated by combining a harmonized static model and the dynamic gastrointestinal simgi model, which recreates the different regions of the digestive tract in physiological conditions. PET MPs started several biotransformations in the gastrointestinal tract and, at the colon, appeared to be structurally different from the original particles. We report that the feeding with microplastics alters human microbial colonic community composition and hypothesize that some members of the colonic microbiota could adhere to MPs surface promoting the formation of biofilms. The work presented here indicates that microplastics are indeed capable of digestive-level health effects. Considering this evidence and the increasing exposure to microplastics in consumer foods and beverages, the impact of plastics on the functionality of the gut microbiome and their potential biodegradation through digestion and intestinal bacteria merits critical investigation.


2022 ◽  
pp. 107-129
Author(s):  
Victor Mawutor Agbo

Conventional tourism and its attendant challenges for nature and communities have necessitated the need for tourism to be more sustainable, equitable, and responsible, hence the introduction of community-based tourism (CBT). CBT was developed as a model and a viable instrument for poverty reduction, offering opportunities for conservation and rural economic development. However, despite the potential of CBT to generate welfare for communities, many initiatives have failed to deliver on their promises. Since tourism and justice issues cannot be separated from each other, concerns over the discussion of justice related issues have emerged as a community concept which requires critical investigation. This chapter presents a theoretical exploration of how justice is conceptualized, with an emphasis on distributive justice in the context of CBT, and how it is shaping the production of CBT. It also explores some critical approaches to tourism studies and practice and how justice for local communities is conceptualized in CBT contexts.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
Paolo Furia

The aim of this article is to show how a Ricœurian approach to space and place is likely to raise issues about geography and even cartography, rather than just ontological topology in a Heideggerian fashion. Two steps will lead towards that conclusion: the first concerns the role of Ricœur’s long détour in the transition from a transcendental—therefore empty—notion of place to the concrete plurality of places, which turns them into matters for interpretation; the second shows how the task of interpreting of places implies distanciation and even objectification, through which they are constituted as objects of scientific and critical investigation. Maps will be introduced at that point as specific interpretations of places, halfway between text and images, between the subject and the object, and between science and art.


2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 05021013
Author(s):  
Fouad Ghoussayni ◽  
Amer Ali ◽  
Ali Bayyati

2021 ◽  
Vol 272 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-73
Author(s):  
Joseph Sung-Yul Park

Abstract Figure of personhood, or set of indexicals that are linked with a performable person type, occupies a key role in contemporary metapragmatic analysis. But how can the concept be operationalized so that it can be used to link metapragmatic analysis to critical investigation of the political processes underlying society? In this paper, I suggest that focusing on how figures of personhood in metapragmatic discourse are organized along dimensions of time, space, and affect can serve as valuable heuristics for a critically oriented metapragmatic analysis, as it is those dimensions that highlight the material and political groundedness of figures of personhood. This point is then demonstrated through three sample cases: representations of Koreans as incompetent speakers of English in a commercial advertisement, middle-class Filipino youths’ self-positioning through construction of an undesirable elite figure, and valorization of neoliberal future-readiness in a promotional video for a Singaporean university’s student career center.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Caskey

<div>The default approach to building cities vertically is through the construction of towers. Such “common towers” multiply the “value” of a plot of ground by repeatedly stacking the most profitable types of private units vertically. These independent extrusions of land produce spaces that are disconnected from one another and the city below. The widespread proliferation of this default approach is rapidly filling the vertical territory of the world’s cities with privatized stacks of ordinary spaces.</div><div>A critical investigation of “Common Towers” and the conditions that have led to their proliferation exposes opportunities that their presence conceals. There is both architectural and urbanistic potential in the vertical territory above a city that cannot be realized through the “common tower.” This thesis explores the potential of the seamless vertical extension of the unconditionally public realm as a means of driving the three-dimensional organization of spaces within the volume of a city. <br></div>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Caskey

<div>The default approach to building cities vertically is through the construction of towers. Such “common towers” multiply the “value” of a plot of ground by repeatedly stacking the most profitable types of private units vertically. These independent extrusions of land produce spaces that are disconnected from one another and the city below. The widespread proliferation of this default approach is rapidly filling the vertical territory of the world’s cities with privatized stacks of ordinary spaces.</div><div>A critical investigation of “Common Towers” and the conditions that have led to their proliferation exposes opportunities that their presence conceals. There is both architectural and urbanistic potential in the vertical territory above a city that cannot be realized through the “common tower.” This thesis explores the potential of the seamless vertical extension of the unconditionally public realm as a means of driving the three-dimensional organization of spaces within the volume of a city. <br></div>


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (I) ◽  
pp. 57-77

Discourse is directly connected to human emotions and feelings. The use of language and selection of words reflects the inner feeling of a person when he/she is hurt religiously. The same thing happened when France projected the Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) cartoons. This was shocking news for the whole Ummah because it hurt all Muslims of the world in one way or another. Khadim Hussain Rizvi has shown resistance against the immoral attitude of France and recorded his protest to ban French products from the whole country. The government of Pakistan assured him to fulfill this demand in the specified period. He became the voice of the whole nation. This research paper is a critical investigation of the discourses used by Rizvi in his speeches against France. Moreover, it is also under examination that how through the use of language Khadim Hussain Rizvi expresses his emotions. This is purely qualitative research where data has been collected from the internet, books, research papers, and newspapers.


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