MODEL OF HISTORY TEACHING BASED ON THE USE OF PRIMARY HISTORICAL SOURCES

Analyzing primary historical sources become the biggest challenge for students in history class. This research aims to develop EAR learning instruction based on the elaboration of historical thinking and three cognitive processes of knowledge construction. The Elaboration Theory was adopted to calibrate those concepts into systematic learning instruction for analyzing the primary source in history class. The elaboration generates EAR learning instruction consisted of three stages namely Engagement, Anatomization, and Reconstruction. These stages represent systematic steps to sourcing, analyzing, and reconstructing historical narrative based on the analysis of the primary source. EAR learning instruction can provide implementable steps to examine primary historical sources in history class and support the improvement of students’ historical thinking by giving a simple path to analyze the primary historical sources. EAR is expected diminishing students’ barriers in facing complexity in analyzing the primary source in history class.

Evaluating an Online Programming Instructional Process Organized Through Elaboration Theory

This article draws on a semester design study to evaluate the quality of an online from the point of e-learning. Adobe Connect web conferencing system was used as a delivery platform in an Introductory Programming course. The course content was specifically sequenced and elaborated in terms of elaboration theory (ET). Thirty pre-service computer teachers enrolled in instructional technologies department online program were participated to the study. The evaluation criteria included dimensions of e-learning in which both qualitative and quantitative data was used. The results indicated that the online course almost met the seven dimensions of e-learning in order to provide high quality learning outcomes. Elaborating the content provided positive contributions to the dimensions of content, interaction, learning and support. Along with the results, some implications were provided for elaborating and evaluating the content for online courses.