OPTIMALISASI BIAYA DAN WAKTU PELAKSANAAN PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN PERUMAHAN CITRALAND PALU MENGGUNAKAN METODE PROGRAM EVALUATION AND REVIEW TECHNIQUE (PERT) – CRITICAL PATH METHOD (CPM)

This study aimed to optimize the cost and time of implementation of development projects in residential homes Citraland located in the town of Palu subdistrict villages Mantikulore Tondo. Completion of construction of residential houses has been delayed time of completion of the construction. This leads to greater costs incurred in development projects. Therefore, to solve these problems is necessary to analyze the optimization of project time to determine how long a project is completed. Optimization of costs and project execution time is calculated using the Critical Path Method (CPM). The method is based on the results obtained, namely the normal completion time of the project for 69 weeks with a total cost of Rp. 297,887,212.00. Aftertime optimization through crashing eachthe implementation of the activities of the development to 48 weeks with a total cost of Rp. 350,261,175.00. The probability of completion of project design development using methods Program Evolution and Review Technique (PERT) is great opportunity to complete the project work for 48 weeks amounted to 93.19%

A completion-invariant extension of the concept of quasi C-continuous lattices

In this paper, the concepts of C-precontinuous posets, quasi C-precontinuous posets and meet Cprecontinuous posets are introduced. The main results are: (1) A complete semilattice P is C-precontinuous (resp., quasi C-precontinuous) if and only if its normal completion is a C-continuous lattice (resp., quasi C-continuous lattice); (2) A poset is both quasi C-precontinuous and Frink quasicontinuous if and only if it is generalized completely continuous; (3) A complete semilattice is meet C-precontinuous if and only if its normal completion is meet C-continuous; (4) A poset is both quasi C-precontinuous and meet C-precontinuous if and only if it is C-precontinuous.

A completion-invariant extension of the concept of meet continuous lattices

In this paper, the concept of meet F-continuous posets is introduced. The main results are: (1) A poset P is meet F-continuous iff its normal completion is a meet continuous lattice iff a certain system γ(P) which is, in the case of complete lattices, the lattice of all Scott closed sets is a complete Heyting algebra; (2) A poset P is precontinuous iff P is meet F-continuous and quasiprecontinuous; (3) The category of meet continuous lattices with complete homomorphisms is a full reflective subcategory of the category of meet F-continuous posets with cut-stable maps.

Translational repression by MSY4 inhibits spermatid differentiation in mice

In developing male germ cells, newly synthesized protamine mRNAs are stored for up to 7 days before translational activation. Translational repression of protamine 1 (Prm1) mRNA requires sequences present in its 3′ untranslated region (UTR) and substantial evidence suggests a role for the murine Y-box protein MSY4 in this process. To determine if MSY4 can mediate translational repression in vivo, we generated transgenic mice in which the temporal window of MSY4 expression was extended during spermatogenesis. Expression of MSY4 disrupted the normal completion of spermatogenesis and caused dominant sterility. Immunocytochemical analysis of several markers, including the protamines, indicated that MSY4 prevented normal activation of translation. mRNAs whose translation was inhibited contained at least one MSY4 RNA recognition site, suggesting sequence-dependent translational repression. Altered translational activation resulted in defective processing of protamine 2 and severe defects in sperm morphogenesis. These results suggest that MSY4 plays an active role in translational repression of several mRNAs in differentiating spermatids.

Germination-related proteins in wheat revealed by differences in seed vigour

Artificial aging of wheat grains (Triticum aestivum cv. Mercia) for 3 d resulted in the gradual loss of seed vigour without loss of viability, but the latter decreased rapidly over the next 24 h. Loss of vigour was expressed as a delay in germination i.e. an increasing ‘lag’ period with aging before the onset of radicle emergence, but the subsequent rate of seedling growth was not affected. There was an overall decrease in the incorporation of 35S-methionine into protein in aged embryos, and associated with the aging-induced delay in the completion of germination (i.e. start of radicle emergence) there was a delay in the production of certain polypeptides. In embryos of both non-aged and aged seeds these polypeptides appeared just prior to radicle emergence but several of these were never synthesized in embryos from non-viable seeds. The synthesis of mRNA coding for in vitro translated polypeptides, or groups of polypeptides, was similarly delayed in lowvigour embryos. Furthermore, some polypeptides were identified which were induced by the accelerated aging treatment. It is concluded that a reduced level of protein and mRNA synthesis in the embryos of low-vigour seeds may result in the delay in the accumulation of specific of mRNAs and polypeptides which are needed for the normal completion of germination, i.e. radicle emergence.