Formulation and Evaluation of Immediate Release Tablets of Etizolam

In the present investigation, immediate release tablet formulation of etizolam was developed for management of insomnia and anxiety using different Superdisintegrants (Sodium Starch Glycolate, Croscarmellose, Crospovidone), Povidone K-30 and Magnesium stearate by wet granulation method. The drug-excipients interaction was investigated by UV spectrophotometer. The granules and tablets of Etizolam were evaluated for various pre and post compression parameters like angle of repose, compressibility index, hausners ratio, tablet hardness, friability and in vitro disintegration and dissolution studies and their results were found to be satisfactory. These results suggest that maximum in vitro dissolution profile of formulation F6 were found to have equivalent percentage of drug release and concluded that F6 is better and similar to innovator product.

Use of Biopolymers in the Stabilization of Clay Soils

The treatment and stabilization of soils make it possible to recycle materials on construction sites in preparation for the installation of a final covering or the construction of a road network. In road geotechnics, various materials such as lime, cement, and pozzolans were used as additions to stabilize clay soils. In recent years, bio-polymers and bacteria are of increasing interest to researchers in the field of stabilization and improvement of the physico-mechanical and chemical characteristics of clay soils. Currently, in place of traditional clay treatment techniques and to minimize environmental problems, natural fibrous waste is being used increasingly and spectacularly. Several studies on biotechnological engineering applications already exist, such as the use of vegetation, algae, bacteria, enzymes, and biopolymers. The northern Algerian region where the urban tissue does not stop expanding contains significant potential in terms of wheat straw, which represents a very present agricultural waste. So, there is a local interest in the sustainable development of several regions known to produce wheat. This study is interested in investigating the effect of wheat straw on the stabilization of swelling clay soil. In order to improve the physico-mechanical characteristics of clay soils, a series of laboratory tests (Atterberg limit, Proctor test, direct shear test, Oedometer test, and unconfident compressive strength test) were carried out on reconstituted clay soil with defined initial properties through numerous analyses (e.g., XRD and XRF) and then treated with different vegetable fiber content. The results indicate that there is an improvement in the compressibility characteristics of the treated soil, a remarkable decrease in the swelling index and the compressibility index respectively with increasing percentages of wheat straw.

Geometrical properties of underutilized cereal varieties of Himalayan origin for the development of future processing equipments.

This paper presents the database of physical and engineering characteristics of grains and flours of five underutilized cereal varieties viz sorghum, buck wheat, pearl millet, proso millet and barley of Himalayan origin. The results revealed a significant difference in width, length and breadth of these cereals. The sphericity value of cereal grains showed significant difference (p≤0.05) in the range 97.42 to 137.25.84% which was found to be highest for sorghum grain while as aspect ratio was found highest for proso millet grain. The static coefficient of friction samples was found maximum on corrugated board for the flour and grain. The hausner ratio and compressibility index indicated poor flowability of the sorghum flour. The bulk density, tapped density and porosity values of cereal grains varied significantly for cereal grains as well as flours. ATR-FTIR (attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) confirmed the different types of linkages present in the flour samples found within the absorption bands of 3500-993 cm-1.

Geometrical properties of underutilized cereal varieties of Himalayan origin for the development of future processing equipments.

This paper presents the database of physical and engineering characteristics of grains and flours of five underutilized cereal varieties viz sorghum, buck wheat, pearl millet, proso millet and barley of Himalayan origin. The results revealed a significant difference in width, length and breadth of these cereals. The sphericity value of cereal grains showed significant difference (p≤0.05) in the range 97.42 to 137.25.84% which was found to be highest for sorghum grain while as aspect ratio was found highest for proso millet grain. The static coefficient of friction samples was found maximum on corrugated board for the flour and grain. The hausner ratio and compressibility index indicated poor flowability of the sorghum flour. The bulk density, tapped density and porosity values of cereal grains varied significantly for cereal grains as well as flours. ATR-FTIR (attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) confirmed the different types of linkages present in the flour samples found within the absorption bands of 3500-993 cm-1.

Variation concentration effect of propyleneglycol, glycerin, and polyethyleneglycol 400 to physical properties and dissolution rate of loratadine liquisolid tablet

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the variation concentration effect of propyleneglycol, glycerin, and polyethyleneglycol 400 as a nonvolatile solvent on the physical properties and dissolution rate of the loratadine liquisolid tablet. Methods The tablet was formulated into 10 formulas, where nine were liquisolid and one was conventional (CT). The concentration of propyleneglycol, glycerin, and polyethyleneglycol used in liquisolid tablets were 14, 15, and 16%. Furthermore, the mixture was evaluated based on flow properties and compressibility index. The tablet was evaluated based on hardness, friability, disintegration time, and dissolution, and the data obtained was evaluated with ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis statistic program. Results The result showed that flow properties, disintegration time, and dissolution have a significant value less than 0.05. The tablet friability for all concentration solvents, hardness at 14 and 15% solvent concentration, and compressibility index at 15 and 16% have significant value more than 0.05. The 16% propyleneglycol type solvent concentration tablet has the physical properties and contains the best solution Conclusions From the result, it is reasonable to conclude that F7 is the tablet with all the physical properties and the best dissolution.

Formulation and invitro evaluation of delayed release multiple unit pellets of Lansoprazole in capsules

The present research was aimed to formulate and evaluate Lansoprazole delayed release multiple unit pellets in capsules. Lansoprazole degrades in the acidic environment of the stomach. It is also unstable under conditions of high temperature and high humidity which leads to therapeutic inefficiency. Hence it is important to bypass the acidic pH of the stomach. Protection of drug from acidic environment is done by coating the drug with enteric polymer. In the present study, successive layers of drug layer, barrier layer and enteric layer was coated on the inert sugar spheres by using solution/suspension layering technique in Fluidized bed processor (FBP). The prepared drug layered and barrier layered pellets were evaluated for % yield. The prepared lubricated pellets were evaluated for flow properties i.e., bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index and hausner’s ratio. Lubricated pellets filled into size ‘1’ capsules and evaluated for drug content, drug content resisted in acid, invitro drug release studies and compared with the marketed product. The dissimilarity and similarity factors for the optimized and marketed formulations were found to be 84.29. Accelerated Stability Testing (AST) was performed as per the ICH guidelines at 40±5°C/75±5% RH for 6 months and found satisfactory.

CHARACTERIZATION AND CONCENTRATION OPTIMIZATION OF HIBISCUS ROSA-SINENSIS L. MUCILAGE POWDER AS SUPERDISINTEGRANT

Objective: The main purpose of this study is to characterize Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. mucilage (MHR) powder as superdisintegrant and to decide the optimum concentration of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. Methods: Characterization was conducted in many tests such as organoleptic, swelling ratio, solubility, polysaccharide, viscosity, particle size distribution, flowability and compressibility index. Next, MHR powder was included in fast disintegrating tablet (FDT) domperidone formulation in several concentrations and compared with FDT domperidone formulation that using sodium starch glycolate as superdisintegrant. Results: The result of characterization of MHR powder were brownish powder, specific smell like traditional medicines, swelling ratio of 24, solubility of 0.426±0.034 mg/ml, positive polysaccharide, the viscosity of 491.33±119.44 cps (2% w/v), 4520.00±1224.42 cps (4% w/v), Dv(10) of 26.2 µm, Dv(50) of 157 µm, Dv(90) of 260 µm, Dv(100) of 380 µm, flowless, and average compressibility index of 26.75±1.79%. The optimum MHR powder concentration was 1% because the average disintegration time was 39.67±4.73 seconds and the average wetting time was 66.33±14.29 seconds. Those times were faster than domperidone FDT that used this superdisintegrant in other concentrations or sodium starch glycolate in the same concentration. Conclusion: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. mucilage powder can be used as superdisintegrant in FDT formulation with an optimum concentration of 1%.

Drug Technology in Hunting Practice

Antiparasitic therapy in living ratites is based on the right dose and efficacy is only when the drug is pharmaceutically stable and safe. Ivermectin is considered to be the most widely used drug in the treatment of parasitosis in ruminants worlwide. For these reasons, in our study, we focused on the pharmaceutical investigation of ivermectin by SEM analysis of its powder particle shape and size, flow properties of solids (angle of repose, compressibility index, Hausner ratio) and zeta potential.

INFLUENCE OF DRYING-WETTING CYCLES ON THE COMPRESSIBILITY OF CLAY SOILS IN THE COMMUNE OF HOUEYOGBE

This article presents the results of an experimental laboratory study carried out with the odometer and the Richards press on a class A3 clay soil sample that had undergone drying-wetting cycles. These tests allowed us to analyze in fine the influence of the drying-wetting cycles on the compressibility and suction behavior of the soil object of our study. This study reveals that the drying-wetting cycles have a certain influence on clay soils. Indeed, the compressibility index of the soil increases while the swelling index decreases according to the cycles; the pre-consolidation pressure and the oedometric modulus show a more or less constant variation; the permeability of the soil increases clearly when the number of cycles increases. Soil suction decreases as the number of drying-wetting cycles increases under extreme conditions.