Nanomaterial catalyzed green synthesis of tetrazoles and its derivatives: a review on recent advancements

Tetrazoles are indispensable nitrogen containing heterocyclic scaffolds that offer a broad spectrum of applications in various domains such as medicinal chemistry, high energy material science, biochemistry, pharmacology etc.

Effect of Titanium on FOX-7 - A DFT Treatment

FOX-7 is a push-pull type conjugated system which attracts attention as an insensitive high energy material. The present study considers its titanium composite within the restrictions of density functional theory at the levels of B3LYP/LANL2DZ and B3LYP/6-311++G(2df,2p). The results indicate that the titanium atom transfers some electron population to the organic component, thus forces one of the N-O bonds to rupture. Various structural, quantum chemical and UV-VIS spectral data are collected and discussed.

Application, Reactivity and Synthesis of isoxazole derivatives

: In this review article, we describe the application, reactivity and synthesis of isoxazole derivatives, more specifically, the application, reactivity, and synthesis of 3,5-disubstituted, 3,4-disubstituted, and 3,4,5-trisubstituted isoxazole using the green method. We review the application, of isoxazole in material science, agriculture and pharmaceutical. In material science isoxazole is used as a photochromic, electrochemical probe for Cu2+ and, given its optical properties, in dye sensitized solar cells, high energy material and liquid crystal. In agriculture isoxazole is used as an insecticide for managing Callosobruchus chinensis, Acaricidal activity against T. cinnabarinus, and herbicidal activities of 2-cyanoacrylates containing isoxazole. In pharmaceutical, isoxazole shows anticancer, antituberculosis, antiinflammatory, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Further, we describe various reactions of isoxazole such as ring opens, bromination and iodination, thioynol ethers, intramolecular SEAr reaction, arylation, cycloaddition and photocycloaddition, photoisomerization, Domino transformation of isoxazoles to 2,4-dicarbonyl pyrroles and rearrangement. We also describe the synthesis of 3,5-disubstituted, 3,4-disubtituted and 3,4,5-trisubstituted isoxazole using different methods.

The Energy Use Of Granulate And Pyrolysis Oil From Discarded Car Tires As A Method To Increase Ecological And Energy Safety

On average, there are about 60 kg of rubber in a passenger car, about 67% of which are tires, about 20% of all kinds body seals, doors and windows, suspension elements amount to 5%, the rest are other elements related to the engine (seals, hoses, wires, pads, etc.). Rubber waste is too valuable resource to direct to landfills. The vast majority of recovery of used tires in Poland (over 70%) is carried out by burning tires with energy recovery. Tires in the form of granulate, mixed with coal dust, are burn in some combined heat and power plants. The paper presents results of experimental studies of possible use for energy purposes, granules and pyrolysis oil the resulting from discarded car tires for increasing ecological and energy safety. Energy properties of granulates and pyrolysis oil were investigated and the shape and size of granulate particles were analyzed. For this purpose, digital image processing (CAMSIZER device) and calorimeter were used. It was found that the products of tire recycling decommissioned from exploitationare the high-energy material with good calorific value. Based on the results of experimental studies, application conditions of rubber waste for energy purposes was formulated.

Stabilization of an intramolecular hydrogen-bond block in an s-triazine insensitive high-energy material

A unique intramolecular hydrogen-bond block was stabilized in s-triazine insensitive high-energy materials with face-to-face stacking.

The role of cavitation in submicron aerosol dispersion

Here we discuss the problem of atomizing submicron aerosols by special design atomizers enabling the cavitation regime. The formation of submicron aerosol was studied using an impulse atomizer model powered by a high-energy material and an atomizer model with a special spray nozzle generating countercurrent flows. For these atomizers, the role played by cavitation in producing submicron liquid aerosols is demonstrated herein. A mathematical model is also suggested to describe the aerosol cloud genesis. The cavitation development critical pressure, outflow velocity, and the resulting droplet sizes were evaluated. The aerosol particle size and concentration were experimentally measured by optical methods. The measured disperse parameters of aerosols during the origination and propagation of the aerosol cloud resulted from the cavitation-assisted atomization of liquids are reported: the intrinsic particle diameter of water aerosol is 10…30 μm depending on the features of the atomizer designs and their operating regimes.