Optimal Conditions of Paint Wastewater Coagulation With Gastropod Shell Conchiolin Using Response Surface Design and Artificial Neural Network-Genetic Algorithm

The potential of gastropod shell conchiolin (GSC) (a waste product of the deprotenization stage of chitosan production) as one of the alternatives to chemical coagulants has been explored for treatment of paint industrial wastewater (PW). The accuracy of response surface design (RSD) and the precision of artificial intelligence (AI) in predicting and optimizing the process conditions were harnessed in raising experimental design matrix and response optimization, respectively for the bench scale jar test coagulation experiment. PW was characterized using American public health association (APHA) standard methods. Extraction of conchiolin was done via alkaline extraction method. PW contains 2098mg/l total suspended solid (TSS) above discharge limit (1905mg/l). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum of GSC revealed a broad N–H wagging band at 750 – 650 cm−1 indicating the presence of secondary amine linked to the presence of protein. Turbidity removal from PW via one factor at a time (OFAT) was found to be a function of pH, GSC dosage, temperature and time. Artificial neural network (ANN) response prediction shows 92% correlation with the response surface design (RSD) experimental result. The optimal conditions obtained via genetic algorithm (GA) for the response optimization at the best pH of 4 indicate optimal turbidity removal of 98% at GSC dosage, time and temperature of 4 g, 20 min and 45oC, respectively.

Penggunaan Nirmana-Komposisi Tak Berbentuk Sebagai Dasar Pembuatan Pola Surface Design

Mata kuliah Nirmana menjadi mata kuliah dasar wajib untuk mahasiswa yang mempelajari design atau seni rupa. Nirmana mengajarkan elemen maupun unsur yang terdapat dalam gambar, design dan keindahan seni dalam penggolongan elemen maupun unsur supaya tercipta suatu karya seni yang bagus dan memiliki makna, oleh karena itu menciptakan sebuah nilai estetika. Seni dan estetika adalah satu kesatuan antar elemen yang memiliki keselarasan, keserasian serta seimbang. Keindahan adalah suatu konsep abstrak yang tidak bisa dinikmati dikarenakan tidak jelas namun bisa melakukan komunikasi serta membuat senang bila dipandang. Nirmana adalah suatu core yang diimplementasikan pada pembuatan tiap design serta karya seni rupa yakni beberapa aturan yang penting dan wajib digunakan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: (1) guna membahas fungsi atau peran mata kuliah Nirmana sebagai dasar kuliah desain (2) guna melihat implementasi mata kuliah Nirmana ini dalam media ready to wear. Metode yang dipergunakan yakni kajian pustaka serta pendekatan analisis secara deskriptif, eksploratif. Metode yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah metode kulitatif, dan teknik pengumpulan data yang dipergunakan ialah Participant Observation, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka yang dikaitkan dengan tahap tingkatan lapangan, guna menjalankan keberhasilan suatu tindakan penelitian

Rigid–Soft Interactive Design of a Lobster-Inspired Finger Surface for Enhanced Grasping Underwater

Bio-inspirations from soft-bodied animals provide a rich design source for soft robots, yet limited literature explored the potential enhancement from rigid-bodied ones. This paper draws inspiration from the tooth profiles of the rigid claws of the Boston Lobster, aiming at an enhanced soft finger surface for underwater grasping using an iterative design process. The lobsters distinguish themselves from other marine animals with a pair of claws capable of dexterous object manipulation both on land and underwater. We proposed a 3-stage design iteration process that involves raw imitation, design parametric exploration, and bionic parametric exploitation on the original tooth profiles on the claws of the Boston Lobster. Eventually, 7 finger surface designs were generated and fabricated with soft silicone. We validated each design stage through many vision-based robotic grasping attempts against selected objects from the Evolved Grasping Analysis Dataset (EGAD). Over 14,000 grasp attempts were accumulated on land (71.4%) and underwater (28.6%), where we selected the optimal design through an on-land experiment and further tested its capability underwater. As a result, we observed an 18.2% improvement in grasping success rate at most from a resultant bionic finger surface design, compared with those without the surface, and a 10.4% improvement at most compared with the validation design from the previous literature. Results from this paper are relevant and consistent with the bioresearch earlier in 1911, showing the value of bionics. The results indicate the capability and competence of the optimal bionic finger surface design in an amphibious environment, which can contribute to future research in enhanced underwater grasping using soft robots.

Art Online Design Based on Digital Simulation Technology

In order to improve the humanization and convenience of online art design, this paper applies digital simulation technology to the art online design system and establishes a set of sequential multi-free-form surface design methods. Based on the obtained front free-form surfaces, this paper establishes the relationship between the discrete points on the subsequent free-form surfaces and their spatial solid angles and, through extremely complex theoretical deduction, finally obtains the subsequent free-form surfaces. In addition, by combining the two free-form surfaces to enter the 3D modeling software, we can obtain an optical lens with multiple free-form surfaces to improve the digital simulation effect. Finally, this paper uses the intelligent system constructed in this paper to conduct multiple sets of simulation experiments to evaluate the digital effect and artistic design effect of the system constructed in this paper. From the experimental research, it can be known that the art online design system based on digital simulation technology constructed in this paper basically meets the expected goals of the system constructed in this paper.