ALIMENTARY BEHAVIOR AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF WOMEN'S QUALITY OF LIFE AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF REPRODUCTIVE DECLINE

В данной работе оценивались распространённость, условия формирования, типология расстройств пищевого поведения у женщин в разные возрастные периоды, а также взаимовлияние данных нарушений и психопатологической симптоматики (депрессии и тревожности). В исследовании принимали участие 71 женщина в возрасте от 44 до 59 лет, находящиеся в разном периоде менопаузы, обратившиеся в рамках диспансерного наблюдения к участковому терапевту. Тяжесть климактерия изучали при помощи индекса Купермана-Уваровой и шкалы Грина. В ходе исследования были выявлено, что большинство женщин имели климактерические нарушения тяжёлой степени по индексу Купермана-Уваровой. При оценке показателей шкалы Грина наибольшие отклонения фиксировались по тревожному и соматическому компоненту. Более 90% женщин находилось в состоянии тревожности (как личностной, так и ситуативной) и депрессии. При этом выявлено, что женщины, находившиеся в состоянии постменопаузы, имели более выраженный депрессивный и тревожный компонент качества жизни, чем женщины в перименопаузе. Среди женщин в климактерии по результатам Голландского опросника пищевого поведения DEBQ выявлено отклонение средних нормальных показателей по каждой из шкал. При этом у большинства женщин отмечены комбинированные алиментарные нарушения In this work, we evaluated the prevalence, conditions of formation, and typology of eating disorders in women at different age periods, as well as the interaction of these disorders and psychopathological symptoms (depression and anxiety). The study involved 71 women aged 44 to 59 years, who were in different periods of menopause, who turned to a district therapist as part of a dispensary observation. The severity of menopause was studied using the Kuperman-Uvarova index and the Green scale. The study found that most women had severe menopausal disorders according to the Kuperman-Uvarova index. When evaluating the indicators of the green scale, the largest deviations were recorded for the anxiety and somatic component. The study found that most women had severe menopausal disorders. Most women were in a state of anxiety (both personal and situational) and depression. At the same time, it was found that postmenopausal women had a more pronounced depressive and anxiety component of quality of life than perimenopausal women. Among women in menopause, the results of the Dutch DEBQ eating behavior questionnaire revealed a deviation in the average normal indicators for each of the scales. At the same time, most women have combined alimentary disorders

Feeding ecology of Tropidurus torquatus (Wied) (Squamata, Tropiduridae) in two areas with different degrees of conservation in Marambaia Island, Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil

We compared the effects of habitat disturbance on the feeding ecology of two local populations of Tropidurus torquatus (Wied, 1820) in restinga habitats on Ilha da Marambaia, Southeastern Brazil. Both populations presented a relatively diverse diet and differ in the number (D Max = 0.22, DF = 2, p = 0.00) and volume of prey consumed (D Max = 0.82, DF = 2, p = 0.00). Ants were the most frequent and numerous preys in both areas, and plant matter and coleopterans were the most important alimentary items in volume. The population from the disturbed area presented a larger niche breadth for number of prey items consumed (Bi num = 3.06) and volume (Bi vol = 2.98), when compared to the other population (Bj num = 2.44, Bj vol = 1.52). Niche overlap was higher for number of items consumed between the populations (Oij num = 0.82) but lower for volume (Oij vol = 0.05). Our data suggest dietary differences between the two lizard populations, and these differences may be associated with environmental modifications. Our main hypothesis to explain the dietary differences is based in the Optimal Foraging Theory. However, the alimentary behavior, and consequently the diet of these lizards, seems to be constrained phylogenetically, with a pattern that may have evolved in the ancestor of all iguanids.