Developing the software and hardware complex to diagnose the ascent of gas bubbles in a liquid metal by the Doppler anemometry method

The complex method of ultrasonic diagnostics of two-phase flows in a liquid metal medium is developed. It allows measuring the dynamic and structural characteristics of the floating inhomogeneity. A software and hardware complex that implements the proposed method is developed and tested for ultrasonic diagnostics of two-phase flows in water and liquid metal medium.

Increase of Durability of Austenitic Steel by Overlap of Carburization and Diffusion Saturation from Liquid Metal Medium Solutions Technologies

This paper investigated the overlap of carburization and diffusion saturation from liquid metal medium solutions technologies. The carburization of austhenic steel able to increase of its wear resistance and microhardness to 700HV. But this kind of treatment provided to reduction of corrosion resistance. This effect conditioned by formation of chromium carbides, herewith austenite of steel impoverished of chromium. This paper proposes the new technology lets increase the durability of asthenic steels, using carburization and diffusion saturation in eutectic Pb-Bi-Li medium with adding of nickel and chromium. The most effective technology consisted of previous carburization, diffusion saturation and final carburization. First carburization provided to increase of surface layers microhardness to 2800 MPa, diffusion saturation to 7500 MPa, the final carburization to 19500 MPa. The properties of coating depended of combination of technological impact and technological modes of every stage of technological process: temperature and duration. The temperature influenced to microhardness of coating: when the temperature increased microhardness decreased. The duration of diffusion saturation influenced to thickness of diffusion layer: when the duration increased the thickness increased too

Eutectic crystallized FePd nanoparticles for liquid metal magnet

A liquid metal magnet achieved by eutectic-grown FePd nanoparticles in a gallium liquid metal medium.

Analysis of resistance of T91 steel under load in liquid PbBi

This paper describes behaviour of the ferritic-martensitic steel T91 after long-term exposure in liquid eutectic PbBi. Small specimens of the steel were pre-loaded according to the ISO Standard No. 7539-2 and subsequently exposed to PbBi. The experiment was carried out in a flowing and static liquid metal medium at 350°C. The experimental time was selected for the flowing environment at 1000 hours and for static environment at 2000 hours. After exposure, the specimens were analysed by use SEM and EDX. Surface changes of the specimens from different experimental conditions were compared and discussed. The initiation of the cracks wasn´t observed in the monitored expositions.

Wetting and Spreading of Liquid Metals Through Open Micro Grooves and Surface Alterations

Surface tension driven flows of micro layers of complex liquids over substrates under reactive wetting conditions are greatly influenced by interface interactions and topography of surface alterations. For example, understanding of spreading of molten metals over metal substrates with complex topography may be interpreted as spreading over multiple connected networks of open micro channels. Hence, understanding of the kinetics of wetting and spreading of such reactive systems through micro channels is of a key interest. This keynote lecture will provide an overview of wetting/spreading phenomena related to migration of the molten metal micro layer over smooth, rough, and/or well-organized-topography surfaces, such as micro channels. Systems involving a liquid metal medium temperature range (Al-Si over Al), and a low temperature range (Pb-Sn and Ag-Sn over Cu and Cu-Sn) have been considered. Kinetics data involving triple line movement and its modeling will be supported by real-time in situ visualizations. Targeted applications of these fundamental studies involve art of brazing of compact aluminum heat exchangers for HVAC&R, thermal management for aerospace, and soldering processes (in particular lead-free) for electronics industries.