BLOOD RAT CYTOKINES IN EXPERIMENTAL PROSTATITIS AND AFTER THE ACTION OF IMMUNOMODULATORS

Experimental prostatitis in rats was reproduced by administering a 0.05% formaldehyde solution of 0.01 ml on the background of benign prostatic hyperplasia, which was simulated by chronic administration of sulpiride 40 mg/kg for 30 days. From the 26th to the 30th day of the course administration of sulpiride, one of the immunomodulators was injected into the animals: polyoxidonium 0.75 mg/kg, trekrezan 25 mg/kg or metaprot 25 mg/kg. Control rats received saline in an equivalent volume (0.2 ml). The volume of the prostate gland of rats under the influence of sulpiride increased 2.5 times, and after the introduction of formaldehyde into the gland - even more than 3 times. Experimental prostatitis was accompanied by a decrease (by 30-39%) in the concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10), the immunoregulator IL-2, and IL-12 (p70), the level of interferon-γ has not changed. The pool of pro-inflammatory cytokines increased (IL-1β and IL-17 - by 33% and 75%, respectively, TNFα, IL-6, and MCP-1 chemokine - by more than 2-3 times). Against this background, the concentration of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-13 increased by more than 4 times. A course of administration (5 days) of immunomodulators, polyoxidonium, trekrezan or metaprot reduced the volume of the prostate gland by 28-44% and optimized blood levels of IL-1β, IL-17A, IL-13 and chemokine. The level of pro-inflammatory (IL-2, IL-12, INFα) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) has become much higher. The limitation of the cytotoxic effect of IL-6, one of the leading inflammatory mediators, is noted. The effectiveness of immunomodulators was as follows: polyoxidonium > trekrezan > metaprot (in descending order of activity). Apparently, the restoration of the immunoregulatory function of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 and the restriction of the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines is one of the sanogenetic mechanisms of the complex adaptive action of the studied drugs.

Pharmacology of trekrezan, a new immune modulator and adaptogenic

The analysis of literatural and proper experimental data on toxicology and pharmacology of trekrezan, a new synthetic immune modulator and adaptogenic, is reviewed. The data on acute and chronic toxicity as well as phamacodynamic effects of trekrezan and molecular mechanisms of its action are observed. The main attention is paid to study adaptogenic, immune stimulating and anti-inflammatory properties of trekrezan (effect on cell and humoral immunity, phagocytosis, interferonogenesis). The special part describes the influence of trekrezan and combination on its basis (with polyoxidonium, metaprot) on structural, metabolic and immunological changes in the lung and blood lymphocytes of rats in acune bronchopulmonary inflammation, experimental prostatitis and gingivitis. In conclusion, a schedule illustrating connections between pharmacodynamic effects and systemic and molecular mechanisms is analysed.