Synthesis of New Cyclodextrin-Based Adsorbents to Remove Direct Red 83:1

Two cyclodextrins (CDs), γ– and hydroxypropyl (HP)–γ–CDs were used to synthesize new adsorbents by using epichlorohydrin (EPI) as cross-linking agent in order to remove Direct Red 83:1 (DR) from water. Both polymers were characterized in terms of Fourier spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, particle size distribution and thermogravimetric analysis. Experimental data for both polymers were well fitted to the pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion model, indicating that in the adsorption both chemical and physical interactions are essential in the removal of DR. Three different isotherm models were analyzed, concluding that γ–CDs–EPI followed the Temkin isotherm and HP–γ–CDs-EPI the Freundlich isotherm, these results suggested that the adsorption was happening onto heterogeneous surfaces. The results of the Gibbs free energy showed that the adsorption was spontaneous at room temperature. In order to eliminate the remaining dye after the polymer treatment, and advanced oxidation process (AOP) was considered, achieving more than 90% of removal combining both mechanisms.

Polarizability Extraction of Above-Half-Space Transversal Dipole Scatterers Using a Fast Waveguide-Based Approach

We present a semi-analytical method to extract transverse polarizability parameters of an arbitrary bi-anisotropic sub-wavelength scatterer both in homogeneous medium and placed at the boundary of two simple (homogeneous, isotropic, and linear) media. Using this technique, polarizability parameters of various dielectric and/or metallic scatterers are obtained, effectively. In this method, a scatterer is placed at the middle of a rectangular waveguide which in general is filled by two different simple media in either sides of the scatterer. The waveguide is designed so that the two TE10 and TE01 fundamental modes are propagating in a given frequency band. All 16 transverse polarizabilities are fast obtained having 16 different generalized scattering parameters (S-parameters). The S-parameters are associated with excitations at two different ports of the waveguide and the two different modes (TE10 and TE01). Comparing to existing polarizability extraction methods, the presented waveguide method is easy to run, fast and almost accurate. In order to validate the method, we present three examples including omega particle and magneto-dielectric sphere in free-space and an electric resonance particle, placed on top of a dielectric half-space.

CLUSTER EMISSION IN 13C + 12C and 12C + 12C REACTIONS AT ~ 6 MEV/NUCLEON

Cluster state formation viz. the population of unbound 8 Be and the Hoyle state of 12 C produced in the reactions 12 C (77 MeV ) + 12 C and 13 C (75 MeV ) + 12 C have been studied using resonance particle spectroscopy. It was observed that there is a large difference in the cluster state formation in these two reactions and the yield of neutron rich isotopes of different fragments is more in the 13 C + 12 C compared to 12 C + 12 C reactions at 6 MeV/u.

Correlated Charge Excitations in Quasi-Low-Dimensional Mott Insulators

We report momentum dependence of charge excitations across the effective Mott gap in quasi-low dimensional model cuprates with different effective dimensionalities ( CuGeO 3 and SrCuO 2), using high resolution inelastic X-ray scattering by working near a resonance. Particle-hole pair excitations at the gap edge in these compounds are found to be strongly dependent on the effective dimensionality of the lattice and the strength of electron–electron Coulomb interaction.