Introduction/Objective. The foramen of Vesalius (FV) is a variable foramen
located at the base of the skull, anteromedial to the foramen ovale, and
lateral to the foramen rotundum. Through this foramen, passes one of the
emissary veins, which establishes communication between the cavernous sinus
and the pterygoid plexus. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence
of this foramen in adults depending on gender, along with the number of
foramina, distributions relative to the side of the skull and diameter of the
foramen. Methods. A material used in the study were digital CT scans of adult
paranasal cavities from the archives of the Radiology Center, archived in the
PACS software system. We analyzed axial CT sections of 1 mm thickness. The
research included 500 subjects (250 males and 250 females). Results. The
foramen of Vesalius was present in 67.6% of respondents. In 50.9% cases, the
foramen was bilateral and in 49.1% it was unilateral. The average oblique
diameter of the foramen in men was 1.75 ? 0.59 mm and in women 1.56 ? 0.48
mm. In 22 subjects (6.51%) the foramina were doubled, and 2 (0.60%) were
tripled. Conclusion. There was no statistically significant difference in the
incidence of the foramen of Vesalius concerning gender. The mean diameter of
the foramen was statistically higher in males. The presence of this foramen
is important for neurosurgeons because, during the percutaneous trigeminal
rhizotomy, the needle can pass through this foramen, injure the surrounding
blood vessels, and lead to intracranial hemorrhage.