Genome-Wide Survey Reveals the Microsatellite Characteristics and Phylogenetic Relationships of Harpadon nehereus

Harpadon nehereus forms one of the most important commercial fisheries along the Bay of Bengal and the southeast coast of China. In this study, the genome-wide survey dataset first produced using next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to provide general information on the genome size, heterozygosity and repeat sequence ratio of H. nehereus. About 68.74 GB of high-quality sequence data were obtained in total and the genome size was estimated to be 1315 Mb with the 17-mer frequency distribution. The sequence repeat ratio and heterozygosity were calculated to be 52.49% and 0.67%, respectively. A total of 1,027,651 microsatellite motifs were identified and dinucleotide repeat was the most dominant simple sequence repeat (SSR) motif with a frequency of 54.35%. As a by-product of whole genome sequencing, the mitochondrial genome is a powerful tool to investigate the evolutionary relationships between H. nehereus and its relatives. The maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree was constructed according to the concatenated matrix of amino acids translated from the 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs). Monophyly of two species of the genus Harpadon was revealed in the present study and they formed a monophyletic clade with Saurida with a high bootstrap value of 100%. The results would help to push back the frontiers of genomics and open the doors of molecular diversity as well as conservation genetics studies on this species.

Potential Analysis of Low Economic Value Fish in Lamongan Regency, East Java, Indonesia

The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of low commercial value fish species in Lamongan Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The processed data included primary and secondary data. Data were processed using the LQ method and analyzed descriptively by way of compiling data into tables. The survey results showed that there are ten types of low commercial value fish in Lamongan Regency, East Java, Indonesia, namely Sardinella fimbriata (Tembang fish), Leiognathus bindus (Peperek fish), Harpadon nehereus (Puso fish), Sardinella lemuru, (Lemuru fish), Saurida tumbil (Beloso fish), Gerres abbreviatus (Kapasan fish), Anodontostoma chacunda (Juwi fish), and Cynoglossus lingua (Lidah fish). The results of the LQ method showe that there are three types of fish that have the potential to be made of high economic value products, namely L. bindus (11.36), A. chacunda (2.35), and S. fimbriata (2.32). Fish Auction (TPI) that has the potential in terms of fish productivity to be developed is TPI Weru, Lamongan, East Java, Indonesia. The typology of fishermen in TPI Weru has less experience working as a fisherman than other TPI but the level of education is higher and the age of fishermen is younger so that it affects the productivity of fish catches.

Growth, mortality and length-weight relationship of the Bombay duck Harpadon nehereus (Ham. 1822) from North-eastern tip of the Bay of Bengal

The present study was conducted to investigate the growth parameters, length-weight relationshipand diverse mortality rates of Bombay duck Harpadon nehereus, from North-eastern tip of the Bay of Bengal.The length weight data were collected from January to December 2017 where a total number of 2054individuals of both sex were analyzed. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters, the asymptotic length L?(cm), the growth constant K (year-1) and t0 were estimated as 38.50, 0.88, and -0.0181 years respectively.The growth performance index (Ø?) was found to be 3.115. The total length and body weight (L-W)relationship was found as W=0.004 L3.021, indicating that the growth rate showed a positive allometricpattern (b=3.021>3). The annual fishing morality rate (F) was 1.89, whereas the natural mortality rate (M)was 1.51. The obtained value of the exploitation rate (E= 0.56) indicated that the said population was inover-exploited condition.

STUDI KARAKTER MORFOMETRIK DAN MERISTIK IKAN NOMEI (HARPADON NEHEREUS) DI KALIMANTAN UTARA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendreskripsikan karakteristik morfometrik dan meristik ikan nomei (Harpadon nehereus) di perairan Kalimantan Utara, dilakukan pada bulan Agustus hingga Oktober 2018. Metode pengambilan data yang digunakan adalah random sampling. Hasil pengamatan morfometrik berdasarkan 11 indikator karakteristik morfometrik dan 5 indikator karakteristik meristik ikan nomei yang berasal dari perairan Sebatik dan Tarakan kecenderungan memiliki hasil yang sama. Pada pengamatan morfometrik dan meristik ikan nomei diketahui bahwa ikan nomei di perairan Kalimantan Utara termasuk kedalam spesies Harpadon nehereus.

ELEFAN Based Population Dynamics of Bombay Duck, Harpadon nehereus Inhabiting the Marine Waters of the West Coast of India

We studied ELEFAN based population parameters from length-frequency data for Harpadon nehereus collected from different landing centres along the west coast of India. We analyzed the size structure and estimated growth parameters, recruitment, mortality and exploitation rate using FiSAT-II software. The asymptotic length (Lµ = 366 mm), growth coefficient (K = 0.98 year-1), total mortality (Z=3.32 year-1), natural mortality (M=1.6375 year-1), fishing mortality (F=1.6825 year-1), growth performance index (Ø = 3.12) and exploitation ratio (E = 0.51) were worked out for the species. The exploitation ratios were computed as Emax= 0.661, E10= 0.568, E50= 0.345. The length at first capture (Lc50) was estimated at 163.44 mm. The present value of E was found close to appropriate fishing pressure on the stock and a further increase of fishing pressure is not recommended.

Polymorphic loci analysis of 16s ribosomal RNA gene of economically important marine lizardfish Bombay duck (Harpadon nehereus)

Attempts were made to combine morphological and molecular techniques for identification and analysis of evolutionary relationship of commercially important marine lizardfish (Bombay duck) from the Bay of Bengal. For molecular identification, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was extracted using CTAB extraction protocol and 16S rRNA gene was amplified by PCR method. Morphological identification was supported by molecular data generated by 99% identity of BLAST search result of Harpadon nehereus. The nucleotide sequence of H. nehereus was 586 bp long and the G+C content was 51% and intraspecies polymorphic sites were 0.5%. According to interspecies polymorphic sites analysis, 4.9% polymorphism was observed when H. nehereus and H. microchir were compared. Phylogenetic tree was constructed and both the Harpadon spp. formed a monophyletic clade. This analysis will be used to study molecular diversity as well as conservation of this fish species. Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(1): 49-57, 2019