Ideal-Based k-Zero-Divisor Hypergraph of Commutative Rings

Let [Formula: see text] be a commutative ring, [Formula: see text] an ideal of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] a fixed integer. The ideal-based [Formula: see text]-zero-divisor hypergraph [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] has vertex set [Formula: see text], the set of all ideal-based [Formula: see text]-zero-divisors of [Formula: see text], and for distinct elements [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text], the set [Formula: see text] is an edge in [Formula: see text] if and only if [Formula: see text] and the product of the elements of any [Formula: see text]-subset of [Formula: see text] is not in [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we show that [Formula: see text] is connected with diameter at most 4 provided that [Formula: see text] for all ideal-based 3-zero-divisor hypergraphs. Moreover, we find the chromatic number of [Formula: see text] when [Formula: see text] is a product of finite fields. Finally, we find some necessary conditions for a finite ring [Formula: see text] and a nonzero ideal [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] to have [Formula: see text] planar.

On Commutativity of Prime Rings with Symmetric Left θ-3- Centralizers

Let R be an associative ring with center Z(R) , I be a nonzero ideal of R and be an automorphism of R . An 3-additive mapping M:RxRxR R is called a symmetric left -3-centralizer if M(u1y,u2 ,u3)=M(u1,u2,u3)(y) holds for all y, u1, u2, u3 R . In this paper , we shall investigate the commutativity of prime rings admitting symmetric left -3-centralizer satisfying any one of the following conditions : (i)M([u ,y], u2, u3) [(u), (y)] = 0 (ii)M((u ∘ y), u2, u3) ((u) ∘ (y)) = 0 (iii)M(u2, u2, u3) (u2) = 0 (iv) M(uy, u2, u3) (uy) = 0 (v) M(uy, u2, u3) (uy) For all u2,u3 R and u ,y I

On n-generalized commutators and Lie ideals of rings

Let [Formula: see text] be an associative ring. Given a positive integer [Formula: see text], for [Formula: see text] we define [Formula: see text], the [Formula: see text]-generalized commutator of [Formula: see text]. By an [Formula: see text]-generalized Lie ideal of [Formula: see text] (at the [Formula: see text]th position with [Formula: see text]) we mean an additive subgroup [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] satisfying [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text] and all [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text]. In the paper, we study [Formula: see text]-generalized commutators of rings and prove that if [Formula: see text] is a noncommutative prime ring and [Formula: see text], then every nonzero [Formula: see text]-generalized Lie ideal of [Formula: see text] contains a nonzero ideal. Therefore, if [Formula: see text] is a noncommutative simple ring, then [Formula: see text]. This extends a classical result due to Herstein [Generalized commutators in rings, Portugal. Math. 13 (1954) 137–139]. Some generalizations and related questions on [Formula: see text]-generalized commutators and their relationship with noncommutative polynomials are also discussed.

2-Visible Submodules and Fully 2-Visible Modules

Let X be a T -module, T is a commutative ring with identity and K be a proper submodule of X. In this paper we introduce the concepts of 2-visible submodules and fully 2-visible modules as a generalizations of visible submodules and fully visible modules resp., where K is said to be 2-visible whenever K=I2 K for every nonzero ideal I of T and AT -module X is called fully 2-visible if for any proper submodule of it is 2-visible.Study some of the properties of these concepts also discuss the relationship 2-visible submodules and fully 2-visible modules with 2-pure submoules and other related submodules and modules resp. are given

Split Lie–Rinehart algebras

We introduce the class of split Lie–Rinehart algebras as the natural extension of the one of split Lie algebras. We show that if [Formula: see text] is a tight split Lie–Rinehart algebra over an associative and commutative algebra [Formula: see text] then [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] decompose as the orthogonal direct sums [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], where any [Formula: see text] is a nonzero ideal of [Formula: see text], any [Formula: see text] is a nonzero ideal of [Formula: see text], and both decompositions satisfy that for any [Formula: see text], there exists a unique [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, any [Formula: see text] is a split Lie–Rinehart algebra over [Formula: see text]. Also, under mild conditions, it is shown that the above decompositions of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are by means of the family of their, respective, simple ideals.

A Note on Differential Identities in Prime and Semiprime Rings

Let R be a prime ring, I a nonzero ideal of R, d a derivation of R and m, n fixed positive integers. (i) If (d ( r ○ s)(r ○ s) + ( r ○ s) d ( r ○ s)n - d ( r ○ s))m for all r, s ϵ I, then R is commutative. (ii) If (d ( r ○ s)( r ○ s) + ( r ○ s) d ( r ○ s)n - d (r ○ s))m ϵ Z(R) for all r, s ϵ I, then R satisfies s4, the standard identity in four variables. Moreover, we also examine the case when R is a semiprime ring.

The set of strong torsion elements of a module over a noncommutative ring

Let [Formula: see text] be an arbitrary ring and [Formula: see text] be a nonzero right [Formula: see text]-module. In this paper, we introduce the set [Formula: see text], for some nonzero ideal [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] of strong torsion elements of [Formula: see text] and the properties of this set are investigated. In particular, we are interested when [Formula: see text] is a submodule of [Formula: see text] and when it is a union of prime submodules of [Formula: see text].

2-Visible Submodules and Fully 2-Visible Modules

Let be a -module, T is a commutative ring with identity and be a proper submodule of . In this paper we introduce the concepts of 2-visible submodules and fully 2-visible modules as a generalizations of visible submodules and fully visible modules resp., where is said to be 2-visible whenever for every nonzero ideal of and A -module is called fully 2-visible if for any proper submodule of it is 2-visible.Study some of the properties of these concepts also discuss the relationship 2-visible submodules and fully 2-visible modules with 2-pure submoules and other related submodules and modules resp. are given.

On S-GCD domains

Let [Formula: see text] be a multiplicative set in an integral domain [Formula: see text]. A nonzero ideal [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is said to be [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-principal if there exist an [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text]. Call [Formula: see text] an [Formula: see text]-GCD domain if each finitely generated nonzero ideal of [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-principal. This notion was introduced in [A. Hamed and S. Hizem, On the class group and [Formula: see text]-class group of formal power series rings, J. Pure Appl. Algebra 221 (2017) 2869–2879]. One aim of this paper is to characterize [Formula: see text]-GCD domains, giving several equivalent conditions and showing that if [Formula: see text] is an [Formula: see text]-GCD domain then [Formula: see text] is a GCD domain but not conversely. Also we prove that if [Formula: see text] is an [Formula: see text]-GCD [Formula: see text]-Noetherian domain such that every prime [Formula: see text]-ideal disjoint from [Formula: see text] is a [Formula: see text]-ideal, then [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-factorial and we give an example of an [Formula: see text]-GCD [Formula: see text]-Noetherian domain which is not [Formula: see text]-factorial. We also consider polynomial and power series extensions of [Formula: see text]-GCD domains. We call [Formula: see text] a sublocally [Formula: see text]-GCD domain if [Formula: see text] is a [Formula: see text]-GCD domain for every non-unit [Formula: see text] and show, among other things, that a non-quasilocal sublocally [Formula: see text]-GCD domain is a generalized GCD domain (i.e. for all [Formula: see text] is invertible).

A short note on annihilators of local cohomology modules

Let [Formula: see text] be a commutative Noetherian domain, [Formula: see text] a nonzero [Formula: see text]-module of finite injective dimension, and [Formula: see text] be a nonzero ideal of [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we prove that whenever [Formula: see text], then the annihilator of [Formula: see text] is zero. Also, we calculate the annihilator of [Formula: see text] for finitely generated [Formula: see text]-modules [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] with conditions [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Moreover, if [Formula: see text] is a regular Noetherian local ring and [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text], then we show that there exists an ideal [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text].