Analysis of Rice Ageing Process Using Fuzzy and Graph Cut

Rice botanically belongs to Oryza sativa L. of Gramineae family. Rice is the significant principal foods for almost majority of the world’s population and impacts the livelihood and economy of many billion people. Though there are many well established techniques such as electronic devices, sensors, biosensors or high end instruments to study the different chemical components, sample preparation, specificity, sensitivity, accuracy and reusable issues. In order to overcome such issues, an alternate technique or method need to be developed which can replace the human intervention to avoid the experimental errors through analyzing the surface structure rather than the chemical method. Among the different changes that occurred during the ageing process, internal structure is also an important phenomenon because of the starch modification with several factors like temperature, moisture content and storage period. Hence, the objective of the study concentrates on the analyzing the structural changes to assess the age of rice through fuzzy and graph cut segmentation technique.

Automatic Detection of Tuberculosis from Chest X-Rays using Convolutional Neural Network

Tuberculosis is one of the single infectious diseases which is one among the top ten causes of deaths. Eradication is only possible by timely diagnosis of disease and treatment at its early stage. But unfortunately, timely detection is lagging due to many reasons. In this angle we present a novel scheme for automatic detection of tuberculosis from chest X-ray images. The proposed method accurately detects the malady by performing graph cut segmentation followed by classification using convolutional neural network. The classifier facilitates the chest X-rays to be classified as normal or abnormal. Simulation results show that the accuracy of 94%, sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 84% obtained from the proposed system are comparable and even better than the existing reported methods.

An accurate interactive segmentation and volume calculation of orbital soft tissue for orbital reconstruction after enucleation

Background Accurate measurement and reconstruction of orbital soft tissue is important to diagnosis and treatment of orbital diseases. This study applied an interactive graph cut method to orbital soft tissue precise segmentation and calculation in computerized tomography (CT) images, and to estimate its application in orbital reconstruction. Methods The interactive graph cut method was introduced to segment extraocular muscle and intraorbital fat in CT images. Intra- and inter-observer variability of tissue volume measured by graph cut segmentation was validated. Accuracy and reliability of the method was accessed by comparing with manual delineation and commercial medical image software. Intraorbital structure of 10 patients after enucleation surgery was reconstructed based on graph cut segmentation and soft tissue volume were compared within two different surgical techniques. Results Both muscle and fat tissue segmentation results of graph cut method showed good consistency with ground truth in phantom data. There were no significant differences in muscle calculations between observers or segmental methods (p > 0.05). Graph cut results of fat tissue had coincidental variable trend with ground truth which could identify 0.1cm3 variation. The mean performance time of graph cut segmentation was significantly shorter than manual delineation and commercial software (p < 0.001). Jaccard similarity and Dice coefficient of graph cut method were 0.767 ± 0.045 and 0.836 ± 0.032 for human normal extraocular muscle segmentation. The measurements of fat tissue were significantly better in graph cut than those in commercial software (p < 0.05). Orbital soft tissue volume was decreased in post-enucleation orbit than that in normal orbit (p < 0.05). Conclusion The graph cut method was validated to have good accuracy, reliability and efficiency in orbit soft tissue segmentation. It could discern minor volume changes of soft tissue. The interactive segmenting technique would be a valuable tool for dynamic analysis and prediction of therapeutic effect and orbital reconstruction.

Pedestrian segmentation based on a spatio-temporally consistent graph-cut with optimal transport

We address a method of pedestrian segmentation in a video in a spatio-temporally consistent way. For this purpose, given a bounding box sequence of each pedestrian obtained by a conventional pedestrian detector and tracker, we construct a spatio-temporal graph on a video and segment each pedestrian on the basis of a well-established graph-cut segmentation framework. More specifically, we consider three terms as an energy function for the graph-cut segmentation: (1) a data term, (2) a spatial pairwise term, and (3) a temporal pairwise term. To maintain better temporal consistency of segmentation even under relatively large motions, we introduce a transportation minimization framework that provides a temporal correspondence. Moreover, we introduce the edge-sticky superpixel to maintain the spatial consistency of object boundaries. In experiments, we demonstrate that the proposed method improves segmentation accuracy indices, such as the average and weighted intersection of union on TUD datasets and the PETS2009 dataset at both the instance level and semantic level.