Dynamics of Meaning

A formal theory of meaning (the process of knowledge accumulation) as multiplicative chaos is proposed. The epistemological process is understood as the process of subjective extraction of some knowledge from the incoming information. The concepts of nonsense are introduced as a meaning that has a minimum value equal to one and the level of intelligence as a geometric mean of the cumulative meaning. The thesis of the multiplicativity of meaning, its polymorphism is substantiated, and numerous examples from world history are provided. By analogy with classical thermodynamics, three laws of thermodynamics of meaning are postulated. Estimates of the cumulative meaning when the comprehension of information (multiplicative cascade) is a random process with given statistical characteristics are carried out.

Structural characterization of the equatorial F region plasma irregularities in the multifractal context

In the emerging ionosphere–space–weather paradigm, investigating the dynamical properties of ionospheric plasma irregularities using advanced computational nonlinear algorithms provide new insights into their turbulent-seeming nature, for instance, the evidence of energy distribution via a multiplicative cascade. In this study, we present a multifractal analysis of the equatorial F region in situ data obtained from two different experiments performed at Alcântara (2.4∘ S, 44.4∘ W), Brazil, to explore their scaling structures. The first experiment observed several medium- to large-scale plasma bubbles whereas the second experiment observed vertical uplift of the base of the F region. The multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis and the p-model fit are used to analyze the plasma density fluctuation time series. The result shows the presence of multifractality with degree of multifractality 0.53–0.93 and 0.3≤p≤0.4 cascading probability for the first experiment. Other experimental data also exhibit multifractality with degree of multifractality 0.19–0.27 and 0.42≤p≤0.44 cascading probability in ionospheric plasma irregularities. Our results confirm the nonhomogeneous nature of plasma irregularities and characterize the underlying nonhomogeneous multiplicative cascade hypothesis in the ionospheric medium. Differences in terms of scaling and complexity in the data belonging to different types of phenomena are also addressed.

Structural characterization of the equatorial F region plasma irregularities in the multifractal context

In the emerging ionosphere-space-weather paradigm, investigating dynamical properties of ionospheric plasma irregularities using advanced computational non-linear algorithms is providing new insights into their turbulent-like nature, for instance, the evidence of energy distribution via multiplicative cascade. In this study, we present multifractal analysis of the equatorial F region in situ data obtained from two different experiments performed at Alcântara (2.4° S; 44.4° W), Brazil to explore their scaling structures. First experiment observed several large-medium scale plasma bubbles whereas second experiment observed vertical uplift of the base of F region. Multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis and p-model fit is used to analyze the plasma density fluctuation time series. Result shows presence of multifractality with degree of multifractality 0.53–1.1 with 0.29 ≤ p ≤ 0.4 cascading probability for first experiment. Another experimental data also exhibits multifractality with degree of multifractality 0.27–0.33 with 0.42 ≤ p ≤ 0.44 cascading probability in the ionospheric plasma irregularities. Our results confirm the nonhomogeneous nature of plasma irregularities and characterize the underlying nonhomogeneous multiplicative cascade hypothesis in the ionospheric medium. Differences in terms of scaling and complexity in data belonging to different types of phenomena are also addressed.