Marginal Fit and Retention Strength of Zirconia Crowns Cemented by Self-adhesive Resin Cements

SUMMARY The absolute marginal gap (AMG) precementation and postcementation and the retention of zirconia crowns cemented to standardized molar preparations (4×10) by self-adhesive resin cements (SARCs) were evaluated. The following SARCs were used: RelyX U-200 (RXU200; 3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany), SmartCem 2 (SC2; Dentsply, Milford, DE, USA), and G-Cem Automix (GCA; GC, Alsip, IL, USA). The control adhesive resin cement was Panavia 21 (PAN; Kuraray Dental Co Ltd, Osaka, Japan). Twenty measuring locations at a constant interval along the margins were marked, and the AMG was measured by an image analysis system connected to a stereomicroscope (20×). The cemented copings were aged 270 days at 100% humidity and 37°C and then underwent 10,000 thermal cycles, 5°C-55°C. After aging, the crowns were tested for retention, and the debonded surfaces were examined at 3× magnification. The mean marginal gaps precementation and postcementation were 34.8 ± 17.4 μm and 72.1 ± 31 μm, respectively, with no statistically significant differences between the cements. A significant difference (p≤0.001) in retention between the cements was found. The highest values were obtained for SC2 and GCA (1385 Pa and 1229 Pa, respectively), but these presented no statistically significant differences. The lowest values were found for PAN and RXU200 (738 Pa and 489 Pa, respectively), but these showed no statistically significant differences. The predominant mode of failure in all of the groups was mixed, and no correlations were found between marginal gap and retention.

Effect of etch-and-rinse and self-etching adhesive systems on hardness uniformity of resin cements after glass fiber post cementation

ABSTRACTObjectives: To evaluate the effects of etch-and-rinse and self-etching adhesive systems on Vickers hardness (VHN) uniformity of dual-cured resin cements after fiber post cementation.Methods: Fifty glass fiber posts were cemented into bovine roots using the following cementing systems: Prime&Bond 2.1 Dual Cure and Enforce with light-activation (PBDC-LCEN); Prime&Bond 2.1 and Enforce with light-activation (PB-CLEN); Prime&Bond 2.1 Dual Cure and Enforce without light exposure (PBDC-SCEN); ED Primer and Panavia 21 (ED-SCPN); and Clearfil SE Bond and Panavia 21 (CF-SCPN). The roots were stored in distilled water for 72 h and transversely sectioned into thirds (coronal, medium, and apical). The VHN values of the resin cement layers were measured close to the post and to the dentin wall on the transversely sectioned flat surfaces. The results were analyzed by three-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post-hoc test (pre-set alpha of 5%).Results: Most resin cements presented higher VHN values near the post than near the dentin wall. The ED-SCPN group showed the highest VHN values regardless of the root third, while the selfcured group PBDC-SCEN exhibited the lowest values. The resin cements from the light-activated groups PBDC-LCEN and PB-LCEN showed lower VHN values at the apical third than at the coronal third. The VHN values were not influenced by the root third in self-cured groups PBDC-SCEN, EDSCPN, and ED-SCPN.Conclusions: Depending on the product, bonding agents might promote changes in hardness uniformity of resin cements after post cementation. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:248-254)

The Effect of Dentin Desensitizer on Shear Bond Strength of Conventional and Self-adhesive Resin Luting Cements After Aging

SUMMARY This study tested the impact of Gluma Desensitizer on the shear bond strength (SBS) of two conventional (RelyX ARC, Panavia 21) and two self-adhesive (RelyX Unicem, G-Cem) resin luting cements after water storage and thermocycling. Human third molars (N=880) were embedded in acrylic resin. The buccal dentin was exposed. Teeth were randomly divided into four main groups, and the following cements were adhered: 1) RelyX ARC, 2) Panavia 21, 3) RelyX Unicem, and 4) G-Cem. In half of the teeth in each group, dentin was treated with Gluma Desensitizer. In the conventional cement groups, the corresponding etchant and adhesive systems were applied. SBS of the cements was tested after 1 hour (initial); at 1, 4, 9, 16, and 25 days of water storage; and at 1, 4, 9, 16, and 25 days of thermocycling. SBS data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA); this was followed by the post hoc Scheffé test and a t-test. Overall, the highest mean SBS (MPa) was obtained by RelyX ARC (ranging from 14.6 ± 3.9 to 17.6 ± 5.2) and the lowest by Panavia 21 in combination with Gluma Desensitizer (ranging from 0.0 to 2.9 ± 1.0). All tested groups with and without desensitizer showed no significant decrease after aging conditions compared with baseline values (p>0.05). Only the Panavia 21/Gluma Desensitizer combination showed a significant decrease after 4 days of thermocyling compared with initial values and 1 day thermocycling. Self-adhesive cements with Gluma Desensitizer showed increased SBS after aging conditions (ranging from 7.4 ± 1.4 to 15.2 ± 3) compared with groups without desensitizer (ranging from 2.6 ± 1.2 to 8.8 ± 2.9). No cohesive failures in dentin were observed in any of the test groups. Although self-adhesive cements with and without desensitizer presented mainly adhesive failures after water storage (95.8%) and thermocyling (100%), conventional cement (RelyX ARC) showed mainly mixed failures (90.8% and 89.2%, after water storage and thermocyling, respectively). Application of the Gluma Desensitizer to dentin before cementation had a positive effect on the SBS of self-adhesive cements.

Infiltração marginal de agentes cimentantes em coroas metálicas fundidas

Um dos principais objetivos do cimento, que fixa a restauração protética ao dente, é o selamento da fenda existente entre os mesmos. Para avaliar a infiltração marginal, foram feitos preparos cavitários padronizados, em 20 dentes naturais extraídos. As coroas totais foram fundidas em NiCr, sendo 10 cimentadas com cimento de fosfato de zinco e 10 com cimento resinoso Panavia 21. As amostras foram submetidas à ciclagem térmica e em seguida foram colocadas em solução de azul de metileno a 0,5%. Após o seccionamento vestíbulo-lingual, os corpos-de-prova foram examinados com lupa de aumento. Houve diferença significante entre os dois cimentos testados, sendo que 100% das amostras cimentadas com cimento de fosfato de zinco apresentaram infiltração atingindo dentina e polpa e 100% das amostras cimentadas com Panavia 21 não sofreram qualquer tipo de infiltração. Conclui-se que: o cimento resinoso Panavia 21 apresentou melhores resultados, quanto ao grau de infiltração, quando comparado com o cimento de fosfato de zinco, na cimentação de coroas metálicas fundidas em NiCr.