The impacts of inward knowledge transfer and absorptive capacity on the turnover of host country nationals in MNE subsidiaries: a multilevel modeling approach

Purpose This study aims to find how the turnover of host country nationals (HCNs) would be affected by the knowledge transfer from a headquarter to a subsidiary. Knowledge transfer in a multinational corporation (MNC) has been discussed as a critical factor in the MNC’s success. Because HCNs are essential to synergizing with a new knowledge inflow during this knowledge transfer process, their turnover entails negative consequences such as knowledge loss. Design/methodology/approach This paper empirically tests the unbalance between knowledge received (KR) and absorptive capacity (AC) as the most critical organizational predictor by using the secondary longitudinal records and survey data of 4,915 employees. Multilevel survival analysis is used to calculate the individuals’ turnover hazard. Findings While finding that the primary effect of transferred knowledge is to reduce turnover, the study demonstrates the unbalance between a subsidiary’s AC and KR increases the likelihood of HCNs’ turnover within the organization. The authors also recognize the possibility of nonlinear trends of KR and AC on the turnover hazard. Originality/value The authors answer how knowledge transfer shapes a subsidiary’s work environment to prevent or increase turnover, which has been barely examined for HCNs who comprise the crucial demographic group in knowledge transfer. To enhance the originality further, this study empirically observes the actual turnover of HCNs with a conceptually comprehensive view incorporating both learning and political approaches.

PENERAPAN MULTILEVEL SURVIVAL ANALYSIS TERHADAP DURASI MENCARI KERJA ANGKATAN KERJA LULUSAN SMK DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2019

Era revolusi industri 4.0 mengakibatkan adanya otomatisasi, sehingga beberapa peran manusia telah digantikan oleh mesin-mesin. Kondisi tersebut dapat meningkatkan jumlah pengangguran. Salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk mengurangi pengangguran adalah dengan meningkatkan kualitas SDM melalui program pendidikan SMK. Pemerintah mengharapkan kebijakan tersebut dapat menghasilkan angkatan kerja lulusan SMK yang lebih siap di pasar tenaga kerja. Namun harapan pemerintah tersebut belum sepenuhnya terwujud. Karena menurut SAKERNAS Agustus 2019 oleh BPS, lulusan SMK memiliki tingkat pengangguran tertinggi dibandingkan lulusan tingkat pendidikan lainnya. Kondisi ini dapat disebabkan oleh beragam faktor. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang berpengaruh terhadap durasi mencari kerja angkatan kerja lulusan SMK. Penelitian ini menggunakan data dari SAKERNAS Agustus 2019 dan Publikasi Statistik Indonesia 2020. Metode Analisis yang digunakan adalah multilevel survival analysis. Metode ini dipilih karena faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh membentuk struktur hierarki pada tingkat provinsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan pada tingkat kesalahan 5 persen adalah umur, jenis kelamin, klasifikasi wilayah tempat tinggal, status dalam rumah tangga, status migran risen dan UMP.

Multilevel survival analysis for under-fives in Indonesia 2015

Background Marking the end of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) era, governments continue their plans via the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). One of the MDGs that has continued is the reduction in under-five mortality. Even though the trend of under-five mortality in Indonesia is decreasing, more efforts are needed to reduce the under-five mortality rate. Objective To determine the individual and contextual factors of the under-five survival rate and to assess for possible characteristics that may lead to variance among regencies in Indonesia. Methods Data from 2015 Intercensal Population Survey (Survei Penduduk Antar Sensus/SUPAS 2015) in Indonesia were analyzed using multilevel survival analysis. The Intercensal Population Survey covers all regions in Indonesia up to the regency level. Data were collected by direct interviews of selected household members, with regards to demographic and household characteristics, including births and deaths of under-fives. Our sample population was limited to all under-fives who were born and died during the 2010-2015 period. The number of subjects analyzed was 219,413 after exclusion of children with incomplete data. Results Individual factors associated with under-five survival rate were maternal education, maternal age at first birth, work status, sex, previous birth interval, type of birth, place of residence, and sanitation level. The contextual factor (health care facility ratio per 1000 under-fives per regency) was not associated with under-five survival rate. The 5.27% variance can be explained by the differing characteristics among regencies. Conclusion The individual factors affecting the survival of under-fives are maternal education, maternal age at first birth, maternal work status, sex, previous birth interval, type of birth, place of residence, and sanitation level.

Multilevel survival analysis for under-fives in Indonesia 2015

Background Marking the end of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) era, governments continue their plans via the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). One of the MDGs that has continued is the reduction in under-five mortality. Even though the trend of under-five mortality in Indonesia is decreasing, more efforts are needed to reduce the under-five mortality rate. Objective To determine the individual and contextual factors of the under-five survival rate and to assess for possible characteristics that may lead to variance among regencies in Indonesia. Methods Data from 2015 Intercensal Population Survey (Survei Penduduk Antar Sensus/SUPAS 2015) in Indonesia were analyzed using multilevel survival analysis. The Intercensal Population Survey covers all regions in Indonesia up to the regency level. Data were collected by direct interviews of selected household members, with regards to demographic and household characteristics, including births and deaths of under-fives. Our sample population was limited to all under-fives who were born and died during the 2010-2015 period. The number of subjects analyzed was 219,413 after exclusion of children with incomplete data. Results Individual factors associated with under-five survival rate were maternal education, maternal age at first birth, work status, sex, previous birth interval, type of birth, place of residence, and sanitation level. The contextual factor (health care facility ratio per 1000 under-fives per regency) was not associated with under-five survival rate. The 5.27% variance can be explained by the differing characteristics among regencies. Conclusion The individual factors affecting the survival of under-fives are maternal education, maternal age at first birth, maternal work status, sex, previous birth interval, type of birth, place of residence, and sanitation level.

Social Capital and the Improvement in Functional Ability among Older People in Japan: A Multilevel Survival Analysis Using JAGES Data

We investigated the contextual effects of community social capital on functional ability among older people with functional disability in Japan, and the cross-level interaction effects between community social capital and individual psychosocial characteristics. We used data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study for 1936 men and 2207 women nested within 320 communities and followed for 46 months. We used objective data for functional ability trajectories derived from the national long-term care-insurance system, and a validated measure of health-related community social capital comprising three components: civic participation, social cohesion, and reciprocity. A multilevel survival analysis with a community-level random intercept showed that in communities with high civic participation, women who actively participated in any community group showed greater functional ability improvement than did women who did not participate (pinteraction = 0.05). In communities with high social cohesion, older men who perceived that their communities’ social cohesion was high showed greater functional ability improvement than men who perceived it to be low (pinteraction = 0.02). Community social capital can thus affect functional ability improvements variously, depending on individual psychosocial characteristics and gender. Community interventions aiming to foster social capital should focus on people who are excluded from existing opportunities to participate.

Selective carious tissue removal using subjective criteria or polymer bur: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (SelecCT)

IntroductionSelective (incomplete/partial) carious tissue removal is suitable for treating deep carious lesions in teeth with vital, asymptomatic pulps. In the periphery of a cavity, removal to hard dentin is performed, while in pulpo-proximal areas, leathery or soft dentin is left to avoid pulp exposure. As the decision of what contains ‘soft’ or ‘leathery’ dentin is subjective, using self-limiting burs which help to standardise the hardness of the remaining dentin, has been suggested to increase the reliability of carious tissue removal. The trial compares subjectively measured selective carious tissue removal in deep lesions in primary teeth with objectively measured selective removal with a self-limiting bur (Polybur, Komet).Methods and analysisA community-based single-blind clustered randomised controlled superiority trial nested into a larger evaluation is performed. Recruitment for this trial has been concluded. We have recruited 115 children aged 6–8 years with ≥1 vital primary molar with a deep dentin lesion. The unit of randomisation was the child, with all eligible molars per child treated identically. Treatment was performed in a mobile dental unit. Subjective and objective carious tissue removal was performed at random. Teeth were restored using glass ionomer cement (Equia Forte, GC). Our primary outcome will be the time until complications occur, evaluated via multilevel survival analysis. Secondary outcomes will be the time until extraction is needed, subjective satisfaction of the child with the treatment (measured using a Likert scale) and cost-effectiveness. Re-examination will be performed after 12, 24 and 36 months (the final examination is expected in 2020).Ethics and disseminationThis trial has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Health Sciences of the University of Brasília (CAAE 51310415.0.0000.0030). Trial results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented on conferences.Trial registration numberNCT02754466.