Reduction of HC and CO in the Exhaust Gas of Minibus Vehicles by Natural Zeolite

Air pollution due to burning fossil fuels is still an environmental problem today. This paper presents the research results; method of reducing HC and CO in the exhaust gas of minibus vehicles. This method uses a pollutant gas trap (PGT) device, which functions as an adsorption medium, and natural zeolite as an absorbent material. The PGT device is designed in such a way that the zeolite can adsorb HC and CO gases flowing in it. The PGT device consists of a hollow body and supporting equipment arranged in it. The cavity of the PGT device is filled with zeolite granules and can be passed through vehicle exhaust gases. The PGT device consists of laminar and turbulent flow types, while the zeolite grains used are 2.54 mm and 1.27 mm. The PGT-zeolite device is installed at the exhaust end of the vehicle, so that polluting gases are absorbed by the zeolite. The adsorption capability of the PGT-zeolite device was measured with an Automotive-Emission-Analyzer, type NHA-406EN. Turbulence type PGT device, capable of reducing pollutant gases HC ≈ 40% and CO ≈ 42% respectively for the zeolite grain size of 2.54 mm. Meanwhile, the laminar flow type PGT device was able to reduce HC ≈ 36% and CO ≈ 42% gas, respectively for the zeolite grain size of 2.54 mm. The results of this study indicate that the PGT-zeolite device has a very good ability to reduce pollutant gases in the exhaust gas of minibus vehicles. Therefore, it is necessary to continue research on the feasibility of using natural zeolite, as an absorber of polluting gases in other types of vehicles.

Experimental validation of a virtual engine-out NOx sensor for diesel emission control

Motivated by automotive emission legislations, a Virtual [Formula: see text] sensor is developed. This virtual sensor consists of a real-time, phenomenological model that computes engine-out [Formula: see text] by using the measured in-cylinder pressure signal from a single cylinder as its main input. The implementation is made on a Field Programmable Gate Array–Central Processing Unit architecture to ensure the [Formula: see text] computation is ready at the end of the combustion cycle. The Virtual [Formula: see text] sensor is tested and validated on an EURO-VI Heavy-Duty Diesel engine platform. The Virtual [Formula: see text] sensor is proven to meet the accuracy of a production [Formula: see text] sensor for steady-state conditions and has better frequency response compared to the production [Formula: see text] sensor.