pollutant gases
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Author(s):  
Javier Cifuentes-Faura

COVID-19 has caused an unprecedented crisis, resulting in a global pandemic with millions infected and dying. Given the importance given to sustainability and the reduction in pollutant gases in recent years, the main objective of this study was to determine whether pollutant emissions are associated with an increased number of COVID-19 cases in Europe. Other demographic variables that may have an impact on the number of coronavirus cases, such as population density, average age or the level of restrictive policies implemented by governments, are also included. It has been shown that the emission of carbon monoxide pollutant gases and pollutant emissions from transport positively affect the incidence of COVID-19, so that the sustainable policy implemented in recent years in Europe should be reinforced, and tougher sanctions and measures should be imposed when pollution thresholds are exceeded.


2022 ◽  
Vol 2163 (1) ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
G Guerrero Gómez ◽  
N Afanador Garcia ◽  
C Nolasco Serna

Abstract The recording of temperatures in different positions in the firing process in an intermittent kiln to produce ceramic materials is presented, which led to the energy evaluation, determining the heat used for the clay firing process and the heat losses. In addition, a study of the emissions of pollutant gases released into the environment was carried out, as stipulated in the protocol of control, and monitoring of stationary source. In the energy balance, large energy losses were detected in heat accumulation in the masonry of 7.20×106 KJ of the energy supplied, representing 16.99%, and in the kiln walls of 5.20×10 KJ, representing 12.17%. As a result, it is necessary to make constructive and operative changes in the operation of the kilns, which will lead to the recovery of residual heat in the use of drying of parts, drying, and preheating of combustion air, reducing energy consumption and emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere. The average concentration of particulate matter released into the environment was 1056.60 mg/m3, 422% higher than the standard, affecting people’s health.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Yas A. Alsultanny

Big data mining and pollution are extremely important issues in todays. An innovative method in this study was used for visually discovering the relationship between pollutant gases by MapReduce. One dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional visualization used to visualize the data, that was processed as an hourly reading for one year from an air quality monitoring station to study the behaviors of pollutant gases distribution, and to show graphically the distribution of one, two, or three gases. The number of readings used in this paper are 8760 hourly readings for each of the five pollutant gases under this study. Pearson correlation used to explore numerically the correlation between the pollutant gases, and eta factor used to evaluate the effect of one gas on the other pollutant gases. We found out by both methods, visually and numerically the same facts that related between the pollutant gasses. The ozone has a moderate negative correlation of value -0.622 with nitrogen dioxide, and weak negative correlation of value -0.248 with carbon monoxide, and -0.155 with carbon dioxide. Ozone has approximately no correlation of value .060 with silver dioxide. The carbon monoxide has moderate positive correlation of value 0.364 with carbon dioxide. The eta factor between ozone and nitrogen dioxide is very weak of values 0.292, and 0.009 with Sulphur dioxide, this proved an important fact that the ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and Sulphur dioxide sources are different. The study recommends that each country must analysis visually and numerical the big data that was collected yearly from the monitoring stations to control the pollution gases especially near the large industrial factories.


Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1400
Author(s):  
Delfina Godinho ◽  
Solange de Oliveira Araújo ◽  
Teresa Quilhó ◽  
Teresa Diamantino ◽  
Jorge Gominho

Outdoor wood applications are exposed to several different biotic and abiotic factors, and for that reason, they require protection to increase their service life. Several technologies of wood protection are already commercialized. One of these technologies is thermal modification, which refers to the structural, mechanical, and chemical transformations occurring in the lignocellulosic material when gradually heated up to specific temperature ranges. In the past few years, several researchers have undertaken weathering resistance evaluations on different wood species. Some cases have considered natural exposure in different countries with different climatic conditions, while others focused on artificial exposure under UV and xenon radiation tests. Most works evaluated the weathering effects on the chemical, mechanical and physical, and anatomical shifts compared to the original characteristics of the material. This review has established a considerable lack of studies in the bibliography focusing on abiotic factors, such as the industrial and maritime environment, or even isolated climatic factors such as salt spray (simulating maritime environments) or pollutant gases (simulating industrial environments). This lack of information can be an opportunity for future work. It could help to understand if thermally modified wood is or is not sensitive to pollutant gases or salinity, or to a combination of both. By knowing the degradation mechanisms caused by these factors, it will be possible to study other forms of protection.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Kavouras ◽  
Eftychios Protopapadakis ◽  
Maria Kaselimi ◽  
Emmanuel Sardis ◽  
Nikolaos Doulamis

In this work we investigate the short-term variations in air quality emissions, attributed to the prevention measures, applied in different cities, to mitigate the COVID-19 spread. In particular, we emphasize on the concentration effects regarding specific pollutant gases, such as carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulphur dioxide (SO2). The assessment of the impact of lockdown on air quality focused on four European Cities (Athens, Gladsaxe, Lodz and Rome). Available data on pollutant factors were obtained using global satellite observations. The level of the employed prevention measures is employed using the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker. The second part of the analysis employed a variety of machine learning tools, utilized for estimating the concentration of each pollutant, two days ahead. The results showed that a weak to moderate correlation exists between the corresponding measures and the pollutant factors and that it is possible to create models which can predict the behaviour of the pollutant gases under daily human activities.


2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
Cristian Ciobanu ◽  
Gheorghe Voicu ◽  
Irina Aura Istrate ◽  
Paula Tudor

The paper presents an analysis of the flow of flue gases and dust in the area of the clinker kiln and in the area of the flour mill, as well as emission data for the last three consecutive years at the flour mill stack - clinker kiln, from some cement factories in Romania. In general, both emissions of dust (total powders) and pollutant gases (SOx, NOx, CO, dioxins and furans, VOC, heavy metals, etc.) were within the permissible limits set out in the Integrated Environmental Permit of the individual plants.


Author(s):  
Mohand A. Djeziri ◽  
Oussama Djedidi ◽  
Nicolas Morati ◽  
Jean-Luc Seguin ◽  
Marc Bendahan ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Amru Siregar* ◽  
◽  
Amirsyam Nasution ◽  

Air pollution due to burning fossil fuels is still an environmental problem today. This paper presents the research results; method of reducing HC and CO in the exhaust gas of minibus vehicles. This method uses a pollutant gas trap (PGT) device, which functions as an adsorption medium, and natural zeolite as an absorbent material. The PGT device is designed in such a way that the zeolite can adsorb HC and CO gases flowing in it. The PGT device consists of a hollow body and supporting equipment arranged in it. The cavity of the PGT device is filled with zeolite granules and can be passed through vehicle exhaust gases. The PGT device consists of laminar and turbulent flow types, while the zeolite grains used are 2.54 mm and 1.27 mm. The PGT-zeolite device is installed at the exhaust end of the vehicle, so that polluting gases are absorbed by the zeolite. The adsorption capability of the PGT-zeolite device was measured with an Automotive-Emission-Analyzer, type NHA-406EN. Turbulence type PGT device, capable of reducing pollutant gases HC ≈ 40% and CO ≈ 42% respectively for the zeolite grain size of 2.54 mm. Meanwhile, the laminar flow type PGT device was able to reduce HC ≈ 36% and CO ≈ 42% gas, respectively for the zeolite grain size of 2.54 mm. The results of this study indicate that the PGT-zeolite device has a very good ability to reduce pollutant gases in the exhaust gas of minibus vehicles. Therefore, it is necessary to continue research on the feasibility of using natural zeolite, as an absorber of polluting gases in other types of vehicles.


Author(s):  
Ravindra Haribhau Waghchaure ◽  
Prashant Bhimrao Koli ◽  
Vishnu Ashok Adole ◽  
Thansing Bhavsing Pawar ◽  
Bapu Sonu Jagdale

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 348-357
Author(s):  
Wenich Vattanapuripakorn ◽  
◽  
Khomson Khannam ◽  
Sathapon Sonsupap ◽  
Umakorn Tongsantia ◽  
...  

Recently, levels of air pollution caused by exhaust gases from infectious waste combustion have been rising at a startling rate. Pollutant gases such as carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) have numerous health implications when unsafe amounts are released into the atmosphere. Thus, Pollution Control Systems (PCS) and Gas Cleaner Systems (GCS) play an important role in industries and the monitoring of incinerators. This research evaluated the GCS of rotary kilns in medical facilities located in the Northeast of Thailand. Data was collected from various sites, analyzed, and examined. Furthermore, Ozone (O3) technology was applied to the rotary kiln allowing for the collection of new information on the pollution treatment systems. O3 technology was installed along with the Wet Scrubber System (WSS) catalyzing the oxidation of O3 and pollutant gases. In addition, a chiller was added to control and stabilize the temperature of the water. After the water temperature was controlled, the concentration of O3 increased resulting in an efficient pollution treatment system. Levels of pollutant gas emission were found to be beneath control standards of both Thailand and those of the U.S. EPA. TSP content was reduced significantly from 22.0 mg/m³ to 3.4 mg/m³ (97%), CO content from 13.6 mg/m³ to 1.7 mg/m³ (96%), and NO₂ content fell from 16.3 (mg/m³) to 2.0 mg/m³ (99%). It is clear that the rotary kiln and Ozone technology should be used together in order to create a new and far more effective method of pollution treatment in small and mid-sized cities of Thailand.


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