Statistical Coverage of Trade Finance - Fintechs and Supply Chain Financing

Trade finance is the backbone of international trade for entities ranging from a small businesses to multi-national corporations. An estimated 80 percent of world trade relies on this form of finance (WTO, 2017). Despite its systemic importance and rapid growth, data availability is only partial. During the 2008 financial crisis, policy makers, notably the G20 recognized that the absence of comprehensive trade finance data posed a significant hurdle for policy-makers to make informed, timely decisions. This paper proposes a stand-alone dataset to reflect the scope, dynamic and recent innovations of the trade finance market to support macroeconomic policy analysis.

Estimating The Size Of The Secondary Real Estate Market Based On Internet Data Sources

As a result of the growing digitization of society and the development of electronic economy, current statistical data sources, including administrative registers, do not satisfy the information needs of society. Therefore, there are growing gaps in the statistical coverage of a number of sectors of the economy. One example of such a gap is the secondary real estate market, which is only partially accounted for by official statistical data sources. On the other hand new data sources such as the Internet or Big Data tend to decrease information gap in official statistics. The Web portals that specialise in brokerage on real estate market should be not neglected as a data source for statistics. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to use two Web portals devoted to the housing market to estimate supply measured in the number of flats offered to sale in Poznań, Poland. In addition, classification and quality of Web portals will be discussed.

On the intersection of grating truncation rods with the Ewald sphere studied by grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering

In this work a grating made of lines having a height of 55 nm and a period of 450 nm has been characterized by grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). The GISAXS patterns are characterized by a series of spots corresponding to the intersection of the Ewald sphere with the grating truncation rods (GTRs). When the grating lines are almost parallel to the direct beam, the location of these spots is very sensitive to any change in the azimuthal angle. The precise location of the intersection of the GTRs with the Ewald sphere can be calculated for any azimuthal angle. From this analysis we can estimate the statistical coverage of the grating, its period and the width of the lines. In addition, the anisotropy of the width of the spots in theqzdirection is interpreted in terms of wavelength spread and angular divergence of the incident beam.