Simulating NACA Equations Used in Optimizing Wind Turbine Blade Design: محاكاة معادلات NACA واستخدامها لتحسين تصميم شفرة العنفة الريحية

Aerodynamic scientists are interested in geometry definition and possible geometric shapes that would be useful in design. This paper illustrates a simulation of a NACA four digits airfoil blade profile using MATLAB. As airfoil design became more sophisticated, this basic approach has been modified to include additional variables, and suggestions for the chord line length at the root and at the end of the blade. as well as changes in the twisting angle of the blade and its thickness, this helps to reduce the weight of the blade significantly Simulating NACA equations is very useful in obtaining coordinates of airfoil curvature for the whole series of NACA four digits, which is very effective in optimizing blade design. In order to get an optimal operating performance and high efficiency for the airfoil, the blade surface must be smooth and does not suffer any discontinuities or undefined cases, which cause separation of the boundary layer during the airflow, and get as a result great energy losses. Therefore, the conditions for the continuity of the blade was extracted using mathematical analysis, so the air flow does not suffer any interruptions which reduce the efficiency. This enable us to determine the locations of the maximum thickness of the blade sections on the chord along the blade, in addition to specifying conditions for the chord line length at the root and at the end of the blade which keep the blade curvature continuous and doesn’t have any irregular points, which also facilities writing the necessary programs.

Inverse Aerodynamic Design of Gas Turbine Blades using Probabilistic Machine Learning

One of the critical components in Industrial Gas Turbines (IGT) is the turbine blade. Design of turbine blades needs to consider multiple aspects like aerodynamic efficiency, durability, safety and manufacturing, which make the design process sequential and iterative. The sequential nature of these iterations forces a long design cycle time, ranging from several months to years. Due to the reactionary nature of these iterations, little effort has been made to accumulate data in a manner that allows for deep exploration and understanding of the total design space. This is exemplified in the process of designing the individual components of the IGT resulting in a potential unrealized efficiency. To overcome the aforementioned challenges, we demonstrate a probabilistic inverse design machine learning framework, namely PMI (PMI), to carry out an explicit inverse design. PMI calculates the design explicitly without costly iteration and overcomes the challenges associated with ill-posed inverse problems. In this work the framework will be demonstrated on inverse aerodynamic design of three-dimensional turbine blades.

A Probabilistic Machine Learning Framework for Explicit Inverse Design of Industrial Gas Turbine Blades

One of the critical components in Industrial Gas Turbines (IGT) is the turbine blade. Design of turbine blades needs to consider multiple aspects like aerodynamic efficiency, durability, safety and manufacturing, which make the design process sequential and iterative. The sequential nature of these iterations forces a long design cycle time, ranging from a several months to years. Due to the reactionary nature of these iterations, little effort has been made to accumulate data in a manner that allows for deep exploration and understanding of the total design space. This is exemplified in the process of designing the individual components of the IGT resulting in a potential unrealized efficiency. To overcome the aforementioned challenges, we demonstrate a probabilistic inverse design machine learning framework, namely Pro-ML IDeAS, to carry out an explicit inverse design. Pro-ML IDeAS calculates the design explicitly without costly iteration and overcomes the challenges associated with ill-posed inverse problems. In this work the framework will be demonstrated on inverse aerodynamic design of 2D airfoil of turbine blades.

An investigation into a small wind turbine blade design

The objective of the project was to design a small wind turbine blade which is aerodynamically efficient and easy to manufacture. Preliminary aerodynamic analysis concluded NACA 63-425 to be the most efficient airfoil. Blade geometry was determined after calculating baseline geometric values for low drag which was then used to calculate power. Blade's structural integrity was studied using ANSYS® software. Tested results yielded that a single layer of E-fibreglass-epoxy is good enough to sustain the prescribed loads. The results were used to calculate the total weight of the blade which was then used to determine the start-up speed. Overall the project was successful in designing a wind turbine blade that produced 450 [W] of electrical power at 4[m/s] wind speed with the start-up speed of around 2[m/d]. The project fulfilled its objective which was to design a more effective wind turbine blade with manufacturability in mind.

An investigation into a small wind turbine blade design

The objective of the project was to design a small wind turbine blade which is aerodynamically efficient and easy to manufacture. Preliminary aerodynamic analysis concluded NACA 63-425 to be the most efficient airfoil. Blade geometry was determined after calculating baseline geometric values for low drag which was then used to calculate power. Blade's structural integrity was studied using ANSYS® software. Tested results yielded that a single layer of E-fibreglass-epoxy is good enough to sustain the prescribed loads. The results were used to calculate the total weight of the blade which was then used to determine the start-up speed. Overall the project was successful in designing a wind turbine blade that produced 450 [W] of electrical power at 4[m/s] wind speed with the start-up speed of around 2[m/d]. The project fulfilled its objective which was to design a more effective wind turbine blade with manufacturability in mind.

Aeroelastic Performance Analysis of Wind Turbine in the Wake with a New Elastic Actuator Line Model

The scale of a wind turbine is getting larger with the development of wind energy recently. Therefore, the effect of the wind turbine blades deformation on its performances and lifespan has become obvious. In order to solve this research rapidly, a new elastic actuator line model (EALM) is proposed in this study, which is based on turbinesFoam in OpenFOAM (Open Source Field Operation and Manipulation, a free, open source computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software package released by the OpenFOAM Foundation, which was incorporated as a company limited by guarantee in England and Wales). The model combines the actuator line model (ALM) and a beam solver, which is used in the wind turbine blade design. The aeroelastic performances of the NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) 5 MW wind turbine like power, thrust, and blade tip displacement are investigated. These results are compared with some research to prove the new model. Additionally, the influence caused by blade deflections on the aerodynamic performance is discussed. It is demonstrated that the tower shadow effect becomes more obvious and causes the power and thrust to get a bit lower and unsteady. Finally, this variety is analyzed in the wake of upstream wind turbine and it is found that the influence on the performance and wake flow field of downstream wind turbine becomes more serious.