An advanced lentil backcross population developed from a cross between Lens culinaris × L. ervoides for future disease resistance and genomic studies

Genetically accessible variation to some of the abiotic and biotic stresses are limited in the cultivated lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) germplasm. Introgression of novel alleles from its wild relative species will be useful for enhancing the genetic improvement of the crop. L. ervoides, one of the wild relatives of lentil, is a proven source of disease resistance for the crop. Here we introduce a lentil advanced backcross (LABC-01) population developed in cultivar ‘CDC Redberry’ background, based on L. ervoides alleles derived from an interspecific recombinant inbred population, LR-59-81. Two-hundred and seventeen individuals of the LABC-01 population at BC2F3:4 generation were screened for the race 0 of anthracnose (Colletotrichum lentis) and stemphylium blight (Stemphylium botryosum) under controlled conditions. The population showed significant variations for both diseases and the transfer of resistance alleles into the elite cultivar was evident. It also segregated for other traits such as days to flowering, seed coat colour, seed coat pattern and flower colour. Overall, we showed that LABC-01 population can be used in breeding programmes worldwide to improve disease resistance and will be available as a valuable genetic resource for future genetic analysis of desired loci introgressed from L. ervoides.

Prevalence and Management of Major Diseases of Garlic is it Global Level: A Review

The garlic (Allium sativum L.) is family amaryllidaceae, perennial plant are the most important commercial crop grown all over world and consumed in various forms. These crops are generally grown throughout the country especially China, India, Bangaldesh, Egypt, south Korea, Russian Federation, Ukraine, Spain, Uzbekistan and Myanmar in India is the major growing of the states of Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Orissa, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Bihar andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. Garlic contains at least 33 sulfur compounds, several enzymes and the minerals germanium, calcium, copper, iron, potassium, magnesium, selenium and zinc; vitamins A, B1 and C, fiber and water and also contains amino acids lysine, histidine, arginine, aspartic acid threonine, glutamine, proline, glycine, alanine, cysteine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tryptophan and phenylalanine garlic extract is effective against bacteria, fungi, parasites, lower blood pressure, blood cholesterol and blood sugar, prevent blood clotting, protect the liver and contains antitumor properties in humans garlic extracts have exhibited activity against. The garlic crop is cultivated in several countries and susceptible to number of diseases at various stages of plant growth. From different parts of the world, downy mildew, rust, purple blotch; Stemphylium blight, basal rot, have been observed leading to substantial. Apart from reduction in crop yield, the disease also poses harmful effects during harvesting, post harvesting, processing and marketing stages, which lower the quality and export potential of the crops that significantly causes the economic loss of qualitative and quantative. The diseases alter the cropping pattern and also affect the local and export markets. The consistent use of chemicals to control the plant diseases not only poses a serious threat to the environment and mankind but also slowly build up resistance in the pathogens.

An advanced lentil backcross population developed from a cross between Lens culinaris × L. ervoides for future disease resistance and genomic studies

Genetically accessible variation to some of the abiotic and biotic stresses are limited in the cultivated lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) germplasm. Introgression of novel alleles from its wild relative species might be required for enhancing the genetic improvement of the crop. L. ervoides, one of the wild relatives of lentil, is a proven source of disease resistance for the crop. Here we introduce a lentil advanced backcross population (LABC-01) developed in cultivar CDC Redberry background, based on L. ervoides alleles derived from an interspecific recombinant inbred population, LR-59-81. Two-hundred and seventeen individuals of the LABC-01 population at BC2F3:4 generation were screened for the race 0 of anthracnose (Colletotrichum lentis) and stemphylium blight (Stemphylium botryosum) under controlled conditions. The population showed significant variations for both diseases and transfer of resistance alleles into the elite cultivar was evident. It also segregated for other traits such as days to flowering, seed coat colour, seed coat pattern and flower colour. Overall, we showed that LABC-01 population can be used in breeding programs worldwide to improve disease resistance and will be available as a valuable genetic resource for future genetic analysis of desired loci introgressed from L. ervoides.

Evaluation of resistance to stemphylium blight in interspecific recombinant inbred lines derived from Lens culinaris × Lens ervoides

Cultivated lentil suffers yield loss from stemphylium blight, caused by Stemphylium botryosum Wallr. Identification of sources of stemphylium blight resistance and knowledge of the mode of inheritance of resistance are important for developing resistant cultivars. The interspecific recombinant inbred line (RIL) population developed from a cross between the moderately resistant parent Lens culinaris cv. ‘Eston’ and the resistant parent L. ervoides (Brign.) Grande accession IG 72815 was evaluated for stemphylium blight resistance under controlled conditions at the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada, and under field conditions at the Pulses Research Centre (PRC), Ishurdi, Bangladesh. We hypothesized that resistance from both parents will lead to transgressive segregation indicative of pyramiding of resistance genes from the same. However, no resistant transgressive segregants were observed in the RIL population. A large proportion (50%) of the RILs had disease severity levels similar to the resistant parent IG 72815 in experiments conducted under natural disease pressure in Bangladesh. Under controlled conditions in Saskatoon, 38% of RILs had resistance levels similar to IG 72815. Across all environments, 14 RILs consistently had resistance levels similar to IG 72815. The distribution of disease severity scores for all RILs indicated polygenic inheritance of stemphylium blight resistance in the population. RILs with consistent resistant reactions should prove useful for lentil improvement programmes. This will contribute to increasing the productivity of lentil crops in North America and the Indo-Gangetic region, which account for more than 68% of world lentil production.