Production of Fine Count Yarns from Some Extra-long Egyptian Cottons on Different Spinning Systems

The current research was carried out to produce fine count yarns from extra-long Egyptian cotton varieties using compact and ring spinning systems.in addition, to compare between compact yarns and ring yarns in terms of their physical and mechanical properties. Three commercial extra-long staple Egyptian cottons Giza92, Giza93 and Giza 96 were used to produce four linear densities of 80, 100, 120 and 140 at 3.6 twist multiplier. Results obtained showed that Giza 92 was surpassed significantly other extra -long staple varieties. It recorded the highest mean values of yarn strength and yarn evenness While, the same variety recorded the lowest mean values of yarn hairiness and imperfections. Compact yarns were much better than yarns spun on the ring spinning in yarn strength, yarn elongation, evenness, yarn imperfections and yarn hairiness. Yarn count 80,s gave higher single yarn strength (20.89cN/tex), yarn elongation (5.03%) and yarn evenness (17.49%) and lower yarn hairiness (2.04) and imperfections than yarn count 140s. Single yarn strength, yarn elongation and yarn evenness were decreased with increasing yarn count. While the number of neps, hairiness, the number of thin and thick places were increased with increasing yarn count. Concerning, the effect of interaction between cotton varieties × yarn counts × spinning systems on yarn quality properties. Yarn count 80s recorded the highest mean values of yarn strength (23.14, 21.1 and 20.2 cN/tex) and yarn evenness (17.72, 16.53 and 16.79%) for varieties Giza92, Giza93 and Giza96, respectively for compact spinning system. Yarn strength at count 80, 100, 120 and 140 correlated negatively and highly significant with micronaire value and maturity ratio.

Comparison of Fiber Quality Properties of Different Cotton (G. hirsutum L.) Varieties for Normal and Late Harvest Periods

Cotton fibers are the most important raw material of the textile industry. Clean collection of cotton fibers increases the quality of textile products and the market prices. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of normal and late harvest period of different cotton varieties on cotton fiber and yarn properties. The quality properties of the fibers were determined with the HVI device, and the quality properties of the yarns obtained from the fibers were determined with the USTER TESTER device. The fiber quality properties such as fiber fineness (micronaire), fiber maturity, fiber length (UHML, mm), strength (g/tex), brightness/whiteness (Rd), and yarn quality properties such as yarn evenness (%), thin places, neps+200 (%) and hairiness were investigated in the study. The exposure of fibers to rain during the harvest period of 2018 caused a decrease in the quality properties. Inability of the plants to receive sufficient sunlight during the last physiological development period caused a decrease in photosynthesis rate. This negative situation negatively affected the physical quality properties of fiber and yarn. The results indicated that the physical quality properties of fibers and yarns obtained in 2019 were higher than those in 2018. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of late harvest period on fiber and yarn quality properties and thus on quality of textile products. In addition, the study was carried out to guide researchers who will conduct researchers on similar topics.