Relativistic Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Electrode Processes

From the theory of relativistic chemical kinetics [M. W. Baig, Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 31, 1750177 (2017)] relativistic thermodynamics and kinetics for electrode processes have been developed to explain time dilation for electrode processes. For a moving observer moving at fractions of the speed of light, cell potential is observed to decrease. This results in the slower oxidation and reduction of ions at the respective electrodes. The newly formulated Lorentz transformation of the electrode and cell potential is explained in terms of generation of spin 2-boson “gravitons” from fusion of spin-1 boson “virtual-photons” mediating electrostatic force of attraction between ions and electrodes. It is postulated that birth of spin 2-boson i.e. gravitons is followed by their eventual escape in any of higher 4+n dimensions. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the present theory, the Daniel cell is considered as a numerical example.

Ultra-relativistic thermodynamics and aberrations of the cosmic microwave background radiation

Ultra-relativistic inertial and non-inertial reference frames would be subjected to a forward-directed heat bath from the Lorentz transformed temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation. Although the Lorentz transformations of heat and temperature continue to be unresolved issues in the literature,1–6 this paper makes use of occupation number (number density of occupied states per phase space element) to support a Lorentz factor inflation of the rest frame temperature. Additionally, Doppler Boosting is examined.