Shaping Ability and Debris Extrusion of New Rotary Nickel-Titanium Root Canal Instruments

The aim was to evaluate the canal straightening and the amount of apically extruded debris associated with five rotary nickel-titanium when preparing curved root canals. A total of 100 root canals in extracted human teeth (angles of curvatures 20°–30°; radii 5.9–13.5 mm) were divided into five groups (n = 20/group). The groups were balanced with respect to the angle and the radius of canal curvature. The root canals were prepared using conventional austenite 55-NiTi alloy instruments F360, F6 SkyTaper (both Komet, Lemgo, Germany), and the heat-treated NiTi Jizai, Silk-Complex and Silk-Standard instruments (all Mani, Tochigi, Japan) to an apical size 25. The amount of extruded debris was assessed with a micro balance. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal–Wallis test with Bonferroni correction at a significance level of p < 0.05. During canal preparation, neither instrument fractures nor procedural preparation errors were noticed. Regarding canal straightening, the use of Jizai instruments resulted in the significantly lowest straightening (p < 0.05), while no significant differences were obtained between all other groups (p > 0.05). Regarding the amount of apically extruded debris, no significant differences between all groups were obtained (p > 0.05). Within the limitations of this study, all instruments performed well, and especially the Jizai instruments showed an excellent shaping ability.

Perayaan Nyepi Umat Hindu Bali Bertindak Lokal dan Berpikir Universal

<p>Hindu can’t be seprated from ritual including its holy day. In general, the Holy Day was celebrated by most of Hindu people in Bali since 426 AD and continues from one generation to the next. The objective of the Nyepi was to balance bhuana agung and bhuana alit that in human being implemented as power,vois and mind in a certain time needs to be recharged to bring back their power as what they were. In related to Nyepi, Melasti ritual is one of rituals held generaly 3 days before the Nyepi is celebrated where symbols of Gods and Godes of Dalem, Puseh, Desa Tamles are carry to the closet sea by foot or by car or bus to furefiying. Furthermore, a day before the Nyepi called pengerupukan where ofering (caru) was offered to evels to make them calm.</p><p> During the celebration of the Nyepi, Bali fill very quite for 24 hours. It can be understood that during the 24 hours there was no air pulutions due to all of physical activities stop.for 24 hours. This is really a genius action. Where ever, all over the world, one look for it may not find the Nyepi like that, so it is very prestisious in universal live i.e. macro and micro balance. There is no cresh among sesame or other religions.</p><p> At the end of the Nyepi, excactly aday after Nyepi called Ngembak Geni, the Hindu people are not hear yet their voice who act visiting each other as brother and sister to implement results of the Nyepi reflextion in order to start a new live . Actually that time is very good to make relationship between Hindu people and other people eith difference religion or other nations (take and give) as an implementation of a Hindu principle that we are all brother and sister.</p>

LEVELS AND WATER SOLUBLE ORGANIC CARBON OF ATMOSPHERIC NANOPARTICLES IN A LOCATION OF HA NOI, VIET NAM

Atmospheric nanoparticles (NPs or PM0.1) were investigated at a site inside the campus of Ha Noi University of Science and Technology (HUST) in Ha Noi, Viet Nam. The sampling was conducted during a rainy season (August, 2015) and a dry season (October to December, 2015). Mass was weighed by an electronic micro-balance, Sartorius ME2, 10-6 g. Number concentrations were measured by an electrical mobility spectrometer (NanoScan, SMPS TSI Model 3910). Water soluble organic carbon (WSOC) was analyzed by a total carbon analyzer (TOC-VCHP, Shimazu). The correlations between WSOC and other components were studied to primarily identify the sources of atmospheric nanoparticles. Secondary organic carbon (SOA) was estimated using elemental carbon (EC) – tracer method. Selected characteristics of nanoparticles including mass concentrations, number concentrations, and WSOC were determined.