Invalid Signatures Searching Bitwise Divisions-Based Algorithm for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks

Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) are the crucial part of intelligent transportation systems (ITS), which are brought to enhance the security, efficiency, and comfort of transportation. VANETs have aroused extensive attention in the world recently. One of the challenges in practice is real time and low delay, which strongly requires VANETs to be efficient. Existing schemes have properly solved the problem which is how to aggregate the signatures and verify the aggregated signature. However, few solutions are proposed to pinpoint all invalid signatures if existing. The algorithms that can find all invalid signatures are not efficient enough. Following consideration of the above deficiencies of existing approaches, this paper proposes a factorial bitwise divisions (FBD) algorithm and its optimized version and early-stopping factorial bitwise divisions (EFBD) algorithm. Both algorithms are parallel-friendly. Compared with the binary-based batch verification algorithm, the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms achieve better performance in both theory and practice at low invalid signatures’ rate. Especially, in the parallel condition, when the number of invalid signatures is 1, the proposed algorithms cost only one aggregation-verification delay, while the comparison is more than log 2 n times.

Developing the Positional Characteristics of a Dance-Specific Star Excursion Balance Test (dsSEBT)

Current dynamic balance tests do not sufficiently test all aspects of balance required for dancers in everyday training and performances. The aim of this study was to examine alterations to the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) to ensure a more dance-specific protocol. Twenty-four healthy ballet and contemporary dancers (age: 22.21 ± 6.47 years) participated in completing five different variations of the SEBT. This research implemented upper-body restrictions commonly used in dance settings and tested the effects of two different foot positions, parallel and turned out, as well as two alternate balance surfaces, a foam balance pad and a firm yoga block. Reach distances (percent of limb length), center of pressure (COP, cm2), error scores, and time to completion were measured. Overall, the dance-specific upper body restrictions did not affect the dancer’s ability to reach maximally and achieve a successful trial as there were no significant differences between the original SEBT and the dance-specific SEBT parallel condition (p = 1.00). The foam and block conditions were found to be significantly more difficult due to lower reach distance values, higher COP values, and higher error score values when compared to the original, parallel, and turnout positions (p < 0.05). Lastly, it was discovered that 62.61% of all errors made were in the crossed side and crossed front spokes, suggesting these are the most difficult reach directions to accomplish. The variations used in the study will aid in developing a reliable dance-specific dynamic balance test.

By Practicing the Satisfied Reconnaissance and Speculative Research on the Substantiated Broadcast Transportation

Advances in computerized substance transmission have expanded in the previous couple of years. Be that as it may, Security and protection issues of the transmitted information have turned into an imperative worry in mixed media innovation. The research displays a computationally capable and secure video encryption approach with the usage of appropriated and parallel condition. The research expects to make secure video transformation practical for constant applications with no additional committed equipment at the recipient side. Checking is a significant testing task particularly as for the assertion of security, affirmation, and uprightness. The mixed media has been a detour to transmit which aides of inserting in OBS to furnish a safe route with lower rate buffering. The wide usage of a correspondence using the Internet has energized the sharing of mixed media source records posts in a less troublesome manner. A standard encryption count is especially material for content and twofold data yet fails to manage voluminous video data. Subsequently, this control has been giving a safe path transmission without gatecrasher which supports the HD information. Experimentation unmistakably uncovered the advantages of the proposed plan regarding guaranteeing trustworthiness and realness without tradeoff in the nature of the video.

Secured Video Transmission Using Encryption by MD5

Advances in computerized substance transmission have expanded in the previous couple of years. Be that as it may, Security and protection issues of the transmitted information have turned into an imperative worry in mixed media innovation. The paper displays a computationally capable and secure video encryption approach with usage of appropriated and parallel condition. The paper expects to make secure video encryption practical for constant applications with no additional committed equipment at recipient side. Verifying is a major testing assignment especially with respect to affirmation of privacy, confirmation and uprightness. Writing indicates utilization of cryptography and steganography to verify distinctive types of computerized information. The wide utilization of correspondence utilizing Internet has encouraged sharing of content as well as sound and video posts in a less difficult way. A standard encryption calculation is particularly material for content and twofold information yet neglects to deal with voluminous video information. An endeavor has been made in the paper to verify recordings utilizing keyed hash calculations. Experimentation unmistakably uncovered the advantages of the proposed plan regarding guaranteeing trustworthiness and realness without trade off in nature of the video.

Path Optimization of Spray Painting Robot for Zigzag Path Pattern

in order to solve the coating uniformity of common border between two patches based on zigzag path pattern, an algorithm of zigzag path is developed. In this paper, a complex free surface is divided into several patches based on the constraint of coating thickness error. Based on optimized parameters of spray path on a patch, an algorithm that using variable path parameter is used to optimize zigzag path pattern by modifying the planning direction of paint gun path when satisfy parallel condition. The results of simulations have shown that the path planning algorithm achieves satisfactory performance.

Stages of Orientation Coding Assessed by the Tilt Aftereffect

We investigated orientation coding via the spatial-frequency tuning of the tilt aftereffect (TAE). In the single-adaptation condition, subjects adapted to single gratings of 1 or 8 cycles deg−1, 40% contrast, tilted 15° clockwise or anticlockwise from vertical; in two double-adaptation conditions the 1 and 8 cycles deg−1 gratings were superimposed at opposite orientations (‘plaid’ condition) or at the same orientation (‘parallel’ condition). Test gratings of 1, 2, 4, and 8 cycles deg−1, 20% contrast, were presented for 150 ms in an interleaved staircase procedure that measured the TAE by nulling it, hence making a tilted test grating appear vertical. Initial adaptation was for 3 min, topped up for 2 s between test presentations. Results from the single-grating condition indicated broad spatial-frequency tuning of the TAE, since the effect was still strong when tested three octaves away from the adapter. In the parallel condition, the TAEs were around the average of those reported in the single condition. Negligible TAEs were found in the 1+8 cycles deg−1 plaid condition, indicating that opposing adaptations had effectively cancelled each other out. These findings strengthen the suggestion of Olzak and Thomas (1992 Vision Research32 1885 – 1898) that orientation is encoded via an integrative mechanism which pools or sums the outputs of different spatial-frequency channels, and further imply that much of the adaptation responsible for the TAE occurs at this later broad-band stage.