Slavophiles on the Relationship between “Internal” and “External” in the Construction of the Boundaries of Russian Identity

The article is devoted to the philosophy of classical Slavophilism, which the author considers as the first conception of Russian national identity, which reached the generalizations of the philosophical level. Self-identification of a people, as well as person, presupposes an understanding of their own characteristics in relation to “others”. The Slavophilеs viewed the West as the “Significant Other”. For the Slavophiles, one of the most important markers allowing to define the boundaries of the Russian identity was the antithesis of “internal” and “external”. Comparing her position with the one of the modern European researcher K. J. Mier, the author analyzes the use of this antithesis in Slavophil anthropology.

Emphatic Hegemony and Patriotic Gestures of the Literary Writing of Polish Women-Ethnographers

This article explores the literary writing of ethnographers, a genre that has not yet been systematically researched in Polish sociocultural anthropology. The theoretical framework of the article is built on the concepts of reflexivity and auto-ethnography. Its main goal was to trace these issues in three texts of female Polish ethnographers in the first half of the twentieth century. These authors represent three different structural situations in the field: a European researcher in a colonial context (Maria Czaplicka), a member of the intelligentsia studying peasants (Kazimiera Zawistowicz-Adamska), and an amateur “native ethnographer” in her own community (Maria Pilchówna). One of the results of the analysis is inventing the concept of “emphatic hegemony” grasping the situation when an empathic and sympathetic observer can be also a dominant and patronizing writer, even if she is a woman. Another feature of the analyzed texts lies in their patriotic subtext.

On the Road!? Developing Economy and Nonprofit Organizations in Taiwan

The development of the nonprofit sector of a country can be assessed by several methods. We may begin by introducing the numeric data and finish by speaking of their social embedment. We may analyse their presence in the economy, the labour market or their contribution to political and social liberalization. In my study I refer to Taiwan as an example to introduce the complex presence and impact of all these processes on the development of the nonprofi t organizations in a country less known for a European researcher. With special respect to the economic and political aspects of “development”.