Investigating the climate-adaptive design strategies of residential earth-sheltered buildings in Iran

PurposeThe earth-sheltered building is an adaptive strategy reducing energy consumption as well as increasing thermal comfort of the residents. Although this idea historically implemented in the city of Yazd, Iran, its effects on thermal comfort have not been studied thoroughly. This paper aims to discuss and analyze energy performance, in terms of parameters such as orientation, underground depth, nocturnal ventilation and its subsequent effects on thermal comfort in earth-sheltered buildings in Yazd.Design/methodology/approachUsing EnergyPlus software, the obtained numeric data are precisely modeled, simulated and analyzed.FindingsResults show that there is a direct relationship between depth of construction and energy consumption savings. The more construction depth of earth-sheltered buildings, the more percentage of energy consumption savings, that is of a higher rate in comparison to the aboveground ones. However, in south orientation, energy saving significantly reduces from depth of 2 m downwards and the annual indoor temperature fluctuation decreases by 50%. This subsequently yields to experiencing indoor thermal comfort for a significant number of days throughout the year. Considering the effects of orientation factor, the south orientation regardless of the depth provides the most desired outcome regarding energy savings.Originality/valueSimulating the model generalized to the sunken courtyard can approve that the results of this research can be applied to the other models.

Numerical and Statistical Analysis of Dissipative and Heat Absorbing Graphene Maxwell Nanofluid Flow Over a Stretching Sheet

This paper is basically devoted to carry out an investigation regarding the unsteady flow of dissipative and heat absorbing hydromagnetic graphene Maxwell nanofluid over a linearly stretched sheet taking momentum and thermal slip conditions into account. Ethylene glycol is selected as a base fluid while graphene particles are considered as nanoparticles. The highly nonlinear mathematical model of the problem is converted into a set of nonlinear coupled differential equations by means of fitting similarity variables. Further, Runge-Kutta Fehlberg algorithms along with the shooting scheme are instigated to analyse the numerical solution. The variations in graphene Maxwell nanofluid velocity and temperature owing to different physical parameters have been demonstrated via numerous graphs whereas Nusselt number and skin friction coefficients are illustrated in numeric data form and are reported in different tables. In addition, a statistical method is implemented for multiple quadratic regression estimation analysis on the numerical figures of wall velocity gradient and local Nusselt number to establish the connection among heat transfer rate and physical parameters. Our numerical findings reveal that the magnetic field, unsteadiness, inclination angle of magnetic field and porosity parameters boost the graphene Maxwell nanofluid velocity while Maxwell parameter has a reversal impact on it. The regression analysis confers that Nusselt number is more prone to heat absorption parameter as compared to Eckert number. Finally, the numerical findings are compared with those of earlier published articles under restricted conditions to validate the numerical solution. The comparison of numerical findings shows an excellent conformity among the results.

Detailed Tables from the Dutch Census 1947: Experiences and Lessons Learned in Publishing a Large Dataset

Since the end of the nineties, Dutch census publications have been digitized and made available for digital processing. New analyses of the data were presented in some fruitful conferences in the first decade of this century. In addition to the census publications, a mass of detailed census data was found in dossiers and so-called “transparencies” in the archive of Statistics Netherlands. Most of that material was scanned into digital images, awaiting further content conversion into numeric data. In the present article, the authors describe the process of digitizing the detailed tables of the Dutch Population and Occupational Censuses held in 1947, which is the first set of detailed census data that is made available in a digitally processible form. They give an example of historical analyses made possible by this dataset. Moreover, they take these census data as an example of preparing and publishing a large dataset. Experiences and lessons learned in the process lead to ample opportunities for further analysis of the data and for efficient ways to accomplish the content conversion of the many remaining images of census data.

Using bootstrap procedures for testing the modular partition inferred via leading eigenvector community detection algorithm

Modularity and modular structures can be recognized at various levels of biological organization and in various domains of studies. Recently, algorithms based on network analysis came into focus. And while such a framework is a powerful tool in studying modular structure, those methods usually pose a problem of assessing statistical support for the obtained modular structures. One of the widely applied methods is the leading eigenvector, or Newman’s spectral community detection algorithm. We conduct a brief overview of the method, including a comparison with some other community detection algorithms and explore a possible fine-tuning procedure. Finally, we propose an adapted bootstrap-based procedure based on Shimodaira’s multiscale bootstrap algorithm to derive approximately unbiased p-values for the module partitions of observations datasets. The proposed procedure also gives a lot of freedom to the researcher in constructing the network construction from the raw numeric data, and can be applied to various types of data and used in diverse problems concerning modular structure. We provide an R language code for all the calculations and the visualization of the obtained results for the researchers interested in using the procedure.

The comparison of cyclic fatigue resistance of two different reciprocal files according to different access angles into the root canal

Aim: Root canal preparation is one of the most important steps of root canal treatment. Preparation procedure includes disinfection and shaping protocols. Ni-Ti rotary file systems are usually used for shaping. The biggest disadvantage of the usage of Ni-Ti rotary file systems is that the file gets broken during the treatment. There are many reasons for the breakage of files. One of the reasons may be the increase in the access angle. The purpose of this study is to compare the cyclic fatigue of reciprocating Reciproc and WaveOne Gold rotary systems according to different angles of accessing the root canal of Ni-Ti files. Methodology: In our study, 90 root canal files were used, 45 of which is Reciproc R25 (VDW GmbH, Munich, Germany) and the other 45 of which is WaveOne Gold Primary 25/07 (Dentsply, Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland). Specially designed and manufactured stainless steel artificial roots whose curvature angle is 60° and curvature radius is 5 mm, which replicates the clinical conditions, were arranged. By enabling the files access the roots at 0°- 15°- 30° degrees, the lap numbers that they do till they break due to cyclic fatigue were examined. Results: When looking at the lap numbers that the Reciproc and WaveOne Gold root canal files do till they break, at accessing the roots at the same angles WaveOne Gold root canal file makes more lap numbers at all angles when compared with the Reciproc root canal file. Significant results were found when the groups were compared within one another and between groups and among all numeric data in the statistical analysis performed. It was also found that WaveOne Gold root canal file had more cyclic fatigue resistance. When the groups were compared within one another, it was found that the increase in the root access angle decreases the cyclic fatigue resistance of the files (p<0.05). No significant difference was found in the statistical analysis for comparison of the length of the broken file pieces (p=0.01). It was analyzed that when the broken files were examined via scanning electron microscope, file breakages occurred due to cyclic fatigue. Conclusion: Not only do the design features and production technology affect the breakage resistance due to cyclic fatigue of the root canal, the access angle to the roots affects the cyclic fatigue of the root canal files, as well. How to cite this article: Adıgüzel Ö, Dundar M, Kaya S. The comparison of cyclic fatigue resistance of two different reciprocal files according to different entry angles into the root canal. Int Dent Res 2021;11(Suppl.1):114-21. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.18 Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

Risk of Injury Events in Patients With Visual Impairments: A Swedish Survey Study Among Hospital Social Workers

Introduction: People with visual impairments (those who are blind or have low vision) are exposed to risks in everyday life, especially injury risks. This study aimed to examine experiences and practical knowledge among hospital social workers in Sweden concerning meetings with patients with visual impairments who have been affected by injury events in residential environments. Methods: Swedish hospital social workers specializing in patients with visual impairments ( n=30) answered a questionnaire comprising 14 questions. Both fixed and open-ended questions were included, allowing an analysis of both comparable numeric data and subjectively perceived experiences and opinions. Results: A majority of the respondents had met patients who had been injured in the residential setting; the most common injury mechanism reported was tripping or falling on the stairs, or accidentally stumbling into furniture. The hospital social workers acknowledged that they could work more preventively in their professional role by encouraging patients to use orientation and mobility devices such as long canes, increasing collaboration with other professions, and conducting home visits to enable trustful dialogues with both patients and relatives. Discussion: According to these specialized hospital social workers, the provision of education and information to patients with visual impairments could potentially prevent future injury. However, in order to achieve this, there is a need to first enable a trustful dialogue between social workers and patients. Implications for practitioners: This study provides a better understanding of the importance of trustful dialogue between hospital social workers and patients with visual impairments, from the point of view injury prevention. It also offers a summary of the knowledge of hospital social workers about risks and injury events in residential settings for patients with visual impairments.

ANALYSIS OF THE APPLICABILITY CRITERION FOR K MEANS CLUSTERING ALGORITHM RUN TEN NUMBER OF TIMES ON THE FIRST 25 NUMBERS OF THE FIBONACCI SERIES

In this research investigation Analysis Of The Applicability Criterion For K Means Clustering Algorithm Run Ten Number Of Times On The First 25 Numbers Of The Fibonacci Series is performed. For this analysis RCB Model Of Applicability Criterion For K Means Clustering Algorithm is used. K-means is one of the simplest unsupervised learning algorithms that solve the well-known clustering problem. K- Means clustering algorithm is a scheme for clustering continuous and numeric data. As K-Means algorithm consists of scheme of random initialization of centroids, every time it is run, it gives different or slightly different results because it may reach some local optima. Quantification of such aforementioned variation is of some importance as this sheds light on the nature of the Discrete K-Means Objective function with regards its maxima and minima. The K-Means Clustering algorithm aims at minimizing the aforementioned Objective function. The RCB Model Of Applicability Criterion for K-Means Clustering aims at telling us if we can use the K-Means Clustering Algorithm on a given set of data within acceptable variation limits of the results of the K-Means Clustering Algorithm when it is run several times. KEY WORDS: K-means clustering algorithm, RCB model and Cluster evaluation.

EXPLORING CULTURAL COMMODITY IN RELIGIOUS TOUR OF MOUNT KAWI

Mount Kawi is a mountain believed to have supernatural powers. By the existence of Imam Soedjono and Eyang Djugo as historical figures, pilgrims often come to pray in search of blessings. Pilgrims coming to Mount Kawi are not only Javanese but also Chinese. The presence of the ethnic Chinese community influences the cultural distinction in the site. A large number of visitors coming to Mount Kawi brings several shifting elements. To attract the attention of pilgrims, the locals create religious-cultural tourism in Mount Kawi as a compelling attraction. The shift plays a serious impact on the socio-cultural dimension. This appealing creativity serves as a commodity for the tourist. Cultural commodity in religious tourism is supported by the interests of the authorities. Thus, the purpose of this study is to reveal the emergence of commodification in Mount Kawi. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method to describe the causes of commodification. The data are obtained from the field, observation, and interviews through informants. The narrative is employed instead of numeric data thus the data are organized, classified, and criticized. Hence, to reveal the cultural commodities in Mount Kawi, the commodification theory and hegemony are applied.

Analysis of the Hajj Fund Management Based on the Fatwa of the National Sharia Council (DSN) Number 122 Concerning the Management of BPIH Fund and Special BPIH Based on Sharia Principles

Badan Pengelola Keuangan Haji (BPKH) has the full authority to manage the existing Haj pilgrimage funds. However, the current issue is how to oversee the management of the Haj pilgrimage funds, which have crossed 100 trillion The monitoring of these funds management is not simple, particularly because the source of the funds comes from the ummah, where it belongs to the ummah, especially the pilgrims, and the benefits should be returned to the pilgrims representing the ummah and also for the benefit of the people and nation. This study aims to describe the fatwa of the National Shariah Board No. 122 concerning Funds Management of BPIH and Special BPIH based on Sharia Principles and to analyze whether the management of Hajj Pilgrimage Funding Costs (BPIH) is under the fatwa. This research used qualitative data. The research that produces descriptive data in the form of non-numeric data, which is a symptom, data information, based on facts obtained from the field, then conclusions are drawn. The result showed that the management of the hajj Pilgrimage Cost (BPIH) was by following the DSN-MUI fatwa. The suitability of Sharia in the management of hajj funds can be seen from the government transferring these funds to the halal sector as confirmed in the Law no. 34 of 2014 emphasizes that the management of hajj funds must comply with sharia principles, namely the sector that is avoided from maisir, gharar, usury, and other.