Effect of Re-Entrant and Toroidal Combustion Chambers in a DICI Engine

This paper presents the experimental work to investigate the effect of Re-entrant and Toroidal combustion chambers in a DICI Engine. The two combustion chambers namely Re-entrant combustion chamber (RCC) and Toroidal combustion chamber (TCC) were fitted in a 4.4 kW single cylinder Direct Injection Compression Ignition (DICI) engine and tests were conducted with diesel. The influences of the combustion chamber geometry characteristics on combustion, performance and emissions characteristics have been investigated. This investigation shows the peak pressure of re-entrant chamber is higher than that of toroidal chamber. The heat release rate and brake thermal efficiency for re-entrant chamber are slightly higher than that of toroidal chamber. Specific fuel consumption is lower for toroidal chamber than that of re-entrant chamber. The enhancement in reduction of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon is observed for Re-entrant chamber compared to the Toroidal chamber. Oxides of nitrogen are reduced for toroidal chamber than that of re-entrant chamber.

Performance, Combustion and Emission Analysis for Various Combustion Chamber Geometry

The experimental work investigates performance, combustion and emission analysis for various combustion chamber geometry such as combustion, brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, and emission characteristics. The various combustion chamber namely Spherical chamber (SC), Toroidal chamber (TC), Re-entrant chamber (RC) were fitted in a 4.4 kW single cylinder air cooled Compression ignition (CI) engine and tests were conducted with standard diesel. The investigated of the combustion chamber geometry characteristics on combustion, performance and emissions. This investigation shows brake thermal efficiency for Re-entrant chamber and Toroidal chamber is slightly higher than Spherical chamber. And lower specific fuel consumption of Toroidal chamber, Re-entrant chamber than that of Spherical chamber. The enhancement in reduction of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon is recorded for Re-entrant chamber compared to the Toroidal chamber and Spherical chamber. Oxides of nitrogen are reduced for Re-entrant chamber and Toroidal chamber than that of Spherical chamber. Combustion characteristics improved for Re-entrant chamber compared to Spherical chamber. The cylinder pressure for Re-entrant chamber and Toroidal chamber is higher than that of Spherical chamber. Also obtained maximum heat release rate for Re-entrant chamber than Toroidal chamber and Spherical chamber.

A Comparative Study of the Flow Dynamics in Two Observation Cells for Measuring the Kinetics of the Fast Redox Reaction between Cu2+ and S2O32-

For the study of Cu2+ - S2O32- reaction kinetics was used an experimental stopped flow apparatus with two types of observation cells. The first has a toroidal mixing chamber, and the other, with a separate mixing chamber has the entrance of the reactants on two perpendicular directions. The reaction rate and the residence time have been calculated during the flow in the mixing chambers and the observation cells. The calculated values have been compared with the real formation and decomposition time of the reaction intermediate. The deviations due to the residence-time in the toroidal chamber and in the observation cell respectively are smaller than those for the cell with separate mixing chamber due to its different geometry. The shape of the experimental curves I = f(t) with the toroidal cell lead to kinetic parameters which are different than the ones obtained with the other cell.