KONSEP PENGETAHUAN DASAR DALAM BELAJAR ALGORITMA UNTUK PEMULA

Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi khususnya teknologi informatika tak bisa ditolak keladiranya mereka yang menyelami perkembangannya tak bisa dilihat sebelalı mata saja. Di samping itu, sebaliknya mereka yang tidak meyelami atau tidak mengikuti perkembangannya, maka akan mundur secara sukarela dalam tahap kompetensi dunia, dikarenakan dunia saat ini sangatlah familiar dengan teknologi computer ini. Sekarang, orang - orang yang memiliki lingkungan yang luas dan disenangi, serta dapat dijadikan lading berbiisisnis atau menghasikan materi adalah dunia pemograman computer. Pada ruang lingkup pemograman computer terdapat ribuan macam tahasa pemograman yang disususn secara teratur oleh algori:ma. "Algoritma adalah urutan langkah-langkah logis untuk memecahkan masalah yang disusun secara sistematis dan logis". Makna dari kata logis yang tertera diatas yakni sebagai kata kunci dalam algoritma. Step-step dalam penyusunan algoritma kendaknya memiliki penalaran logika yang tepat dan dapat diterntukan kebenarannya baik itu bersifat benar maupun salah. Pada beberapa masukan algoritma berarti step-step yang rinci yang dibuat untuk melakukan perbuatan tertentu. Peninjauan pada penentuan suatu algoritma yaitu, algoritma yang akan disusun harus benar. Maksudnya, algoritma akan memberikan masukan dari banykanya masukan yang ditentukan yang telah ditentukan. Adapun jika, seseorang memberikan masukan yang salah maka algoritma tersebut pasti tidak benar atau salah pula. Masalah seperti ini harus diperhatikan secara matang oleh para pemula untuk menghasilkan algoritma yang baik dan benar, namun minimnya pengetahuan dasar ilmu komputer khususnya dibidang algoritma menjadi tantangan tersendiri bagi pemula untuk memulainya.

Powered Knee and Ankle Prosthesis with Adaptive Control Enables Climbing Stairs with Different Stair Heights, Cadences, and Gait Patterns

Powered prostheses can enable individuals with above-knee amputations to ascend stairs step-over-step. To accomplish this task, available stair ascent controllers impose a pre-defined joint impedance behavior or follow a pre-programmed position trajectory. These control approaches have proved successful in the laboratory. However, they are not robust to changes in stair height or cadence, which is essential for real-world ambulation. Here we present an adaptive stair ascent controller that enables individuals with above-knee amputations to climb stairs of varying stair heights at their preferred cadence and with their preferred gait pattern. We found that modulating the prosthesis knee and ankle position as a function of the user’s thigh in swing provides toe clearance for varying stair heights. In stance, modulating the torque-angle relationship as a function of the prosthesis knee position at foot contact provides sufficient torque assistance for climbing stairs of different heights. Furthermore, the proposed controller enables individuals to climb stairs at their preferred cadence and gait pattern, such as step-by-step, step-over-step, and two-steps. The proposed adaptive stair controller may improve the robustness of powered prostheses to environmental and human variance, enabling powered prostheses to more easily move from the lab to the real-world.

Translating Embodied Cognition for Embodied Learning in the Classroom

In this perspective piece, we briefly review embodied cognition and embodied learning. We then present a translational research model based on this research to inform teachers, educational psychologists, and practitioners on the benefits of embodied cognition and embodied learning for classroom applications. While many teachers already employ the body in teaching, especially in early schooling, many teachers’ understandings of the science and benefits of sensorimotor engagement or embodied cognition across grades levels and the content areas is little understood. Here, we outline seven goals in our model and four major “action” steps. To address steps 1 and 2, we recap previously published reviews of the experimental evidence of embodied cognition (and embodied learning) research across multiple learning fields, with a focus on how both simple embodied learning activities—as well as those based on more sophisticated technologies of AR, VR, and mixed reality—are being vetted in the classroom. Step 3 of our model outlines how researchers, teachers, policy makers, and designers can work together to help translate this knowledge in support of these goals. In the final step (step 4), we extract generalized, practical embodied learning principles, which can be easily adopted by teachers in the classroom without extensive training. We end with a call for educators and policy makers to use these principles to identify learning objectives and outcomes, as well as track outcomes to assess whether program objectives and competency requirements are met.

CARA MENGAJUKAN PINJAMAN

CARA MENGAJUKAN PINJAMAN Belakangan ini banyak bank-bank besar mengucurkan kredit untuk kalanganusaha segmen KUKM. Bahkan ada bank yang mendirikan unit/divisi yang khususmenangani kredit mikro, seperti Bank Danamon, Mega membentuk KUKM Center.Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk lebih mendekatkan bank dengan kalangan KUKM. Namun sayang, banyak pengusaha dikalangan KUKM masih gamang dengan hal-ikhwal kredit. Hal ini boleh jadi karena ketidaktahuan mereka tentang seluk beluk pengajuan kredit dan pengucurannya. Jika Anda atau koperasi Anda inginmendapatkan pinjaman dari bank, maka Anda perlu mengetahui step-step yang harusdilalui.

Powered Knee and Ankle Prosthesis with Adaptive Control Enables Climbing Stairs with Different Stair Heights, Cadences, and Gait Patterns

Powered prostheses can enable individuals with above-knee amputations to ascend stairs step-over-step. To accomplish this task, available stair ascent controllers impose a pre-defined joint impedance behavior or follow a pre-programmed position trajectory. These control approaches have proved successful in the laboratory. However, they are not robust to changes in stair height or cadence, which is essential for real-world ambulation. Here we present an adaptive stair ascent controller that enables individuals with above-knee amputations to climb stairs of varying stair heights at their preferred cadence and with their preferred gait pattern. We found that modulating the prosthesis knee and ankle position as a function of the user’s thigh in swing provides toe clearance for varying stair heights. In stance, modulating the torque-angle relationship as a function of the prosthesis knee position at foot contact provides sufficient torque assistance for climbing stairs of different heights. Furthermore, the proposed controller enables individuals to climb stairs at their preferred cadence and gait pattern, such as step-by-step, step-over-step, and two-steps. The proposed adaptive stair controller may improve the robustness of powered prostheses to environmental and human variance, enabling powered prostheses to more easily move from the lab to the real-world.

Simulation Research of Hydraulic Stepper Drive Technology Based on High Speed On/Off Valves and Miniature Plunger Cylinders

The technology for stepper drive that can achieve accurate motion in the hydraulic field has always been urgently needed in the industry. This paper proposes a hydraulic stepper drive based on five high speed on/off valves and two miniature plunger cylinders. The stepper drive discretizes the continuous flow medium into fixed small steps through the miniature plunger cylinder and realizes the state control of the drive through the logic action of the high speed on/off valve. This paper improves the current stepper drive and establishes a mathematical model to analyze the error of the drive and calculate the position of the actuator. In addition, through simulation research, the performance parameters such as the single-step step characteristic and pressure characteristic of the stepper drive are studied. The results show that, compared with the technology of current stepper drive, this stepper drive can effectively remove the “post step” phenomenon, greatly improve the stepper accuracy of the stepper drive, and have a more excellent performance.

Faceted-rough surface with disassembling of macrosteps in nucleation-limited crystal growth

To clarify whether a surface can be rough with faceted macrosteps that maintain their shape on the surface, crystal surface roughness is studied by a Monte Carlo method for a nucleation-limited crystal-growth process. As a surface model, the restricted solid-on-solid (RSOS) model with point-contact-type step–step attraction (p-RSOS model) is adopted. At equilibrium and at sufficiently low temperatures, the vicinal surface of the p-RSOS model consists of faceted macrosteps with (111) side surfaces and smooth terraces with (001) surfaces (the step-faceting zone). We found that a surface with faceted macrosteps has an approximately self-affine-rough structure on a ‘faceted-rough surface’; the surface width is strongly divergent at the step-disassembling point, which is a characteristic driving force for crystal growth. A ‘faceted-rough surface’ is realized in the region between the step-disassembling point and a crossover point where the single nucleation growth changes to poly-nucleation growth.