Modeling Process of Semi-Continuous Extrusion of Hollow 6063 Aluminum Alloy Profiles Using QForm Extrusion

The results of modeling the process of semi-continuous extrusion of hollow profiles of aluminum alloy 6063 on horizontal hydraulic extruders are presented. By modeling with the help of the QForm Extrusion software package, the metal shaping and temperature conditions of this process were studied under given initial and boundary conditions. The authors investigated the various designs of sets of matrices and dividers and assessed the uneven velocity of the expiration of the elements of the profile and the temperature of the metal. Thanks to the gradual improvement of the design of the pressing tool, it was possible to achieve a uniform distribution of speeds and temperatures in the cross section of the profile. Industrial testing of the use of this tool for the manufacture of press products has shown that the proposed design methodology of using the QForm Extrusion software package can be successfully used to prepare the press production and can reduce the time required to master the technology of extruding aluminum alloy profiles.

Effect of the use of dry breadcrumb in meatball production on the formation of heterocyclic aromatic amines

PurposeHeterocyclic aromatic amines are mutagenic and/or carcinogenic compounds formed during cooking of meat. Therefore, the formation levels of them should be reduced. For this aim, the purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of dry breadcrumb in meatball production on the formation of heterocyclic aromatic amines. In addition, the effect of dry breadcrumb on some quality parameters of the meatballs was also investigated.Design/methodology/approachMeatball dough with 15 percent fat was divided into four parts, where one group was selected as the control group (without dry breadcrumb). In the other three groups, dry breadcrumb was added in various ratios of 5 percent, 10 percent and 15 percent (w/w). Then, meatball dough was stored at 4 °C for 3 h and shaped into meatballs with a metal shaping device (7 × 1 cm). For some of the quality parameters, water, pH, cooking loss and TBARS analyses were done in the samples. Heterocyclic aromatic amine analysis was done in only cooked samples according to solid phase extraction.FindingsThe use of dry breadcrumb in meatball production decreased water content and cooking loss. As cooking temperature increased, water contents and cooking loss of meatball decreased. PhIP, AαC and MeAαC were not detected in any of the samples analyzed. As cooking temperature increased, total amount of HCAs increased and ranged between 0.05 and 0.51 ng/g. While the use of dry breadcrumb in the meatball production increased IQ content of the meatballs, the use of 5 percent dry breadcrumb caused a decrease in the total HAA content (28.57–66.67 percent) for all cooking temperatures.Originality/valueMany research studies including our study in the literature were conducted on formation and reduction of HAAs in meat and meat products. However, although dry breadcrumb is frequently used both in domestic and commercial meatball formulations; to the best of our knowledge, effect of using dry breadcrumb in meatball production on HAAs formation has not been investigated in the literature. Therefore, in the present study, the effects of the use of dry breadcrumb in meatball production on some quality parameters and formation of HAAs in meatballs cooked at 150 °C, 200 °C and 250 °C were determined.

Life Cycle Assessment on the Effects of Parameter Setting in Direct Recycling Hot Press Forging of Aluminum

Metallic material processing plays a significant role in terms of global environmental impact which contributes to the climate change phenomena that is a serious international environmental concern and the subject of much research and debate. Thus, energy-and resource-efficient strategies in the metal shaping technology domain need to be identified urgently. A frequent theme in the debates that surround waste and resources management is the extent to which the recycling of metallic materials offers genuine benefits to the environment. Solid state recycling techniques allow the manufacture of high density aluminum alloy parts directly from production scrap. In this paper the environmental impacts associated with ‘meltless’ scrap processing routes through hot press forging process with varying parameter has been studied. A comparative analysis has been performed, with different operating temperature and holding time of direct recycling hot press forging process AA6061 aluminum chip. The importance of an environmental performance analysis that included both parameter setting was discussed and highlighted throughout the paper. Finally, the application of the proposed parameter setup has resulted in the setting up of an eco-process. Indeed, LCA study on recycling (solid-state) are recommended as well it gives a noteworthy benefit to the environment and to fill the knowledge gap.

Design of innovation technologies in metal shaping

The procedures of designing innovation technologies in metal shaping are considered. Particular attention is paid to the technological processes of manufacturing blanks approximated to ready-made products in the maximum possible way

Science intensive technologies in shaping at current stage of mechanical engineering development

Current approaches to the analysis of metal shaping. It is pointed out that at the current stage it is necessary to design processes ensuring a specified material structure and an essential reserve of plasticity. Particular consideration is given to the problem of manufacturing products of powder and incompact materials. The approaches to the problem solution of metal stamping having anisotropic stress-strain properties are widely covered. It is offered to use methods of experiment planning for processing the results of computational modeling. It is offered to include random characteristics into a solution which could change at new metal lot obtaining. It is shown that changes in geometry, techniques and stress-strain properties can result in the considerable changes of values during metal shaping.