A rare case of solitary fibrous tumor of the liver and highly differentiated rectal adenocarcinoma

Solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) are rare spindle cell mesenchymal neoplasms of presumably fibroblastic origin with undefined malignancy potential and rare metastasis. Their most frequent localization is in the pleura, where they have been first described. The incidence of solitary fibrous tumors localized in liver is extremely low. The clinical picture of SFT is nonspecific and is not due to the anatomical location of the tumor and it's size.In the majority of cases these tumors are benign. However, a number of them still may have signs of malignancy: an aggressive course with possible local recurrence and distant metastasis. The main method of treatment of hepatic solitary fibrous tumor (as well as SFT of other localization) with it's resectability is surgery. Radical removal of the tumor in the majority of cases leads to recovery. Subsequently, the operated patients should be subjected to strict dynamic observation with regularity as in malignant neoplasms (MN).The importance for chemotherapy and radiation therapy in the treatment of hepatic solitary fibrous tumor has not been determined in clinical guidelines to date.There are isolated reports of the use of chemotherapy or radiation therapy for the treatment of cases when tumor resection is not radical or there are signs of malignant neoplasm.In literature, there are numerous reports of a combination of a solitary fibrous tumor of any localization with malignant neoplasms of other organs in the same patients.In this report, we represent a clinical case of a 64-year-old woman, who had a solitary fibrous tumor of the liver and highly differentiated rectal adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent resection of the first segment of the left lobe of the liver. After a month and a half, transanal excision of the villous tumor of the rectum. The pathologic and immunohistochemical examination of the liver tumor revealed a malignant solitary fibrous tumor. After researching villous tumor of the rectum - a highly differentiated adenocarcinoma with a depth of invasion of the submucous layer of the intestinal wall up to 1/3 (T1sm1 according to Kikuchi). During dynamic observation for twenty-five months after the operation, the patient has no signs of tumor recurrence and metastasis.

The possibilities of early diagnosis by innovative methods of studying biopsies of colon mucosa in determining the scope of a surgical operation

Objective: to increase the effectiveness of treatment of oncological diseases of the gastrointestinal tract by increasing the informative value of establishing the necessary volume of the surgical operation. Material and methods. In the high-frequency electric field visualization of the glow of 82 biopsy specimens of the large intestine taken for histological analysis was performed to solve the question of the scope of the operative intervention. Results. There was an edge luminescence in all biopsy materials in the high-frequency, while there was internal luminescence in the biopsy of a cancerous tumor. The glow covered the entire cancerous growth. By biopsy glow in the high-frequency electric field, in comparison with the endoscopy data, there were discrepancies in the diagnosis, in particular, internal glow observed in 2 patients with the initial diagnosis of "diverticulum", in 2 patients with the diagnosis of "villous tumor", 6 patients with a diagnosis of "polyp", which indicated the presence of a malignant tumor. Histological analysis confirmed this and the primary volume of the surgical operation was changed for these patients. The conclusion. The given data of visualization of luminescence of biopsy specimens can be the basis for creating an endoscopic express diagnostic method and increasing the informative value of establishing the necessary volume of a surgical operation.