scholarly journals Association of Team Sports Participation With Long-term Mental Health Outcomes Among Individuals Exposed to Adverse Childhood Experiences

2019 ◽  
Vol 173 (7) ◽  
pp. 681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly C. Easterlin ◽  
Paul J. Chung ◽  
Mei Leng ◽  
Rebecca Dudovitz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood

scholarly journals Adverse Childhood Experiences Ontology for Mental Health Surveillance, Research, and Evaluation: Advanced Knowledge Representation and Semantic Web Techniques

10.2196/13498 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. e13498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Hael Brenas ◽  
Eun Kyong Shin ◽  
Arash Shaban-Nejad
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Advanced Knowledge

Background Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), a set of negative events and processes that a person might encounter during childhood and adolescence, have been proven to be linked to increased risks of a multitude of negative health outcomes and conditions when children reach adulthood and beyond. Objective To better understand the relationship between ACEs and their relevant risk factors with associated health outcomes and to eventually design and implement preventive interventions, access to an integrated coherent dataset is needed. Therefore, we implemented a formal ontology as a resource to allow the mental health community to facilitate data integration and knowledge modeling and to improve ACEs’ surveillance and research. Methods We use advanced knowledge representation and semantic Web tools and techniques to implement the ontology. The current implementation of the ontology is expressed in the description logic ALCRIQ(D), a sublogic of Web Ontology Language (OWL 2). Results The ACEs Ontology has been implemented and made available to the mental health community and the public via the BioPortal repository. Moreover, multiple use-case scenarios have been introduced to showcase and evaluate the usability of the ontology in action. The ontology was created to be used by major actors in the ACEs community with different applications, from the diagnosis of individuals and predicting potential negative outcomes that they might encounter to the prevention of ACEs in a population and designing interventions and policies. Conclusions The ACEs Ontology provides a uniform and reusable semantic network and an integrated knowledge structure for mental health practitioners and researchers to improve ACEs’ surveillance and evaluation.

scholarly journals Adverse Childhood Experiences Ontology for Mental Health Surveillance, Research, and Evaluation: Advanced Knowledge Representation and Semantic Web Techniques (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Hael Brenas ◽  
Eun Kyong Shin ◽  
Arash Shaban-Nejad
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Advanced Knowledge

BACKGROUND Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), a set of negative events and processes that a person might encounter during childhood and adolescence, have been proven to be linked to increased risks of a multitude of negative health outcomes and conditions when children reach adulthood and beyond. OBJECTIVE To better understand the relationship between ACEs and their relevant risk factors with associated health outcomes and to eventually design and implement preventive interventions, access to an integrated coherent dataset is needed. Therefore, we implemented a formal ontology as a resource to allow the mental health community to facilitate data integration and knowledge modeling and to improve ACEs’ surveillance and research. METHODS We use advanced knowledge representation and semantic Web tools and techniques to implement the ontology. The current implementation of the ontology is expressed in the description logic ALCRIQ(D), a sublogic of Web Ontology Language (OWL 2). RESULTS The ACEs Ontology has been implemented and made available to the mental health community and the public via the BioPortal repository. Moreover, multiple use-case scenarios have been introduced to showcase and evaluate the usability of the ontology in action. The ontology was created to be used by major actors in the ACEs community with different applications, from the diagnosis of individuals and predicting potential negative outcomes that they might encounter to the prevention of ACEs in a population and designing interventions and policies. CONCLUSIONS The ACEs Ontology provides a uniform and reusable semantic network and an integrated knowledge structure for mental health practitioners and researchers to improve ACEs’ surveillance and evaluation.

Overall and Gender-specific Associations between Dimensions of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Mental Health Outcomes among Homeless Adults: Associations Générales et Sexospécifiques Entre les Dimensions des Expériences Défavorables de L’enfance et les Résultats de Santé Mentale Chez les Adultes Sans Abri

2021 ◽  
pp. 070674372198915
Author(s):  
Michael Liu ◽  
Cilia Mejia-Lancheros ◽  
James Lachaud ◽  
Eric Latimer ◽  
Tim Aubry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Homeless Adults ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
And Gender

Objective: The associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and psychopathology have been well-established in the general population. Research on ACEs in the homeless population has been limited. This study examined whether ACE exposure is associated with specific mental health outcomes among a national sample of homeless adults with mental illness and whether this association varies according to ACE dimension and gender. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from a national sample of 2,235 homeless adults with mental illness in Canada to evaluate their sociodemographic characteristics, exposure to ACEs, and mental health outcomes. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to identify and confirm ACE dimensions (maltreatment, sexual abuse, neglect, divorce, and household dysfunction) from individual ACE items. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the associations between total ACE score and ACE dimensions with mental illness diagnoses and psychopathology severity. Results: The mean total ACE score among all study participants was 4.44 (standard deviation [ SD]: 2.99). Total ACE score was positively associated with several mental illness diagnoses and psychopathology severity. Unique associations were found between specific ACE dimensions and poor mental health outcomes. The prevalence of almost all ACEs was significantly higher among women. Yet, associations between several ACE dimensions and poor mental health outcomes existed uniquely among men. Conclusions: There are unique and gender-specific associations between specific ACE dimensions and mental health outcomes among homeless adults. Better understanding of the mechanisms underlying these associations is needed to inform screening, prevention, and treatment efforts, particularly given the very high prevalence of ACEs among this vulnerable and marginalized population.

scholarly journals The Effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Self-Reported Physical and Mental Health Outcomes in Adulthood

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3(J)) ◽  
pp. 101-114
Author(s):  
Chong-Hwan Son
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcome ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Physical Health Outcome

The number of physically and mentally unhealthy days as a measure of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is used to examine the different effects of the adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on physical and mental health outcomes. The data, a cross-sectional state-level survey, is obtained from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) collected by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2012. Multiple regression analyses are conducted for the study. The results indicate that all individual ACE categories are inversely associated with both physical and mental health, as respondents who exposed to any adverse childhood experience are likely to have physically- and mentally-related poor HRQOL in adulthood. The estimated coefficients for individual ACEs in magnitude on the mental health outcome are, in overall, greater than the estimated coefficients on the physical health outcome. The regression results with accumulative ACE scores indicate that higher levels of the ACE score would affect higher negative health outcomes, such as the dosage effects that appear again in this study. The estimated coefficients of accumulative ACE scores on the mental health outcome exceed the coefficients of ACE scores on physical health outcome for an ACE score of 2 and above. The gap in the estimated coefficients of ACE scores between physically and mentally unhealthy days increases as the ACE score rises. The estimated coefficient at the score ACE8 for the mentally unhealthy days becomes almost twice as large as the coefficient for the physically unhealthy days. Importantly, the negative effects of ACEs on mental health outcomes are significantly greater than the negative effects on physical health outcomes.

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