Synthesis of Advanced Materials Using Supercritical Fluids

2006 ◽  
pp. 239-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew I. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Advanced Materials

Supercritical Fluid Applications in Advanced Materials Processing

1988 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Wagner ◽  
Val J. Krukonis ◽  
Michael P. Coffey
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Char Yield ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Materials Processing ◽  
Carbon Composites

ABSTRACTThe feasibility of using supercritical fluids to impregnate carbon/carbon composites with a ceramic precursor was successfully demonstrated. Improvements in mechanical properties and oxidation resistance were correlated with the distribution of silicon within the microstructure of the composites. In addition, supercritical fluids were also used to fractionate silicon carbide precursors and thereby control the physical properties and char yield.

Supercritical Fluids as a Tool for Green Energy and Chemicals

2020 ◽  
pp. 1105-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maša Knez Hrnčič ◽  
Darija Cör ◽  
Željko Knez
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Multicomponent Systems ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Solid Compounds

Hydrothermal conversion of biomass is a promising technology for the conversion of biomass into biofuels and biobased chemicals. This chapter is focused on the waste biomass conversion for production of biofuels and chemicals by applying sub- and supercritical fluids. One of the biggest disadvantages in biomass conversion by SCF is the extremely high energy requirement for heating the media above the water critical point (374 °C, 221 bar). The idea behind the recent research is to reduce the operating temperature and energy requirements by processing biomass with water at much higher pressures. The importance of knowledge on behavior of multicomponent systems at elevated pressures and temperatures is underlined. Methods, developed by the authors of this chapter for determination of thermodynamic and transport properties for multicomponent systems of different solid compounds and supercritical fluid under extreme conditions are described. Future perspective of hydrothermal technology as a tool to obtain advanced materials and the possible scope for future research is also discussed.

Supercritical Fluids as a Tool for Green Energy and Chemicals

2017 ◽  
pp. 554-587
Author(s):  
Maša Knez Hrnčič ◽  
Darija Cör ◽  
Željko Knez
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Multicomponent Systems ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Solid Compounds

Hydrothermal conversion of biomass is a promising technology for the conversion of biomass into biofuels and biobased chemicals. This chapter is focused on the waste biomass conversion for production of biofuels and chemicals by applying sub- and supercritical fluids. One of the biggest disadvantages in biomass conversion by SCF is the extremely high energy requirement for heating the media above the water critical point (374 °C, 221 bar). The idea behind the recent research is to reduce the operating temperature and energy requirements by processing biomass with water at much higher pressures. The importance of knowledge on behavior of multicomponent systems at elevated pressures and temperatures is underlined. Methods, developed by the authors of this chapter for determination of thermodynamic and transport properties for multicomponent systems of different solid compounds and supercritical fluid under extreme conditions are described. Future perspective of hydrothermal technology as a tool to obtain advanced materials and the possible scope for future research is also discussed.

Supercritical Fluids as a Tool for Green Energy and Chemicals

2021 ◽  
pp. 761-791
Author(s):  
Maša Knez Hrnčič ◽  
Darija Cör ◽  
Željko Knez
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Multicomponent Systems ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Solid Compounds

Hydrothermal conversion of biomass is a promising technology for the conversion of biomass into biofuels and biobased chemicals. This chapter is focused on the waste biomass conversion for production of biofuels and chemicals by applying sub- and supercritical fluids. One of the biggest disadvantages in biomass conversion by SCF is the extremely high energy requirement for heating the media above the water critical point (374 °C, 221 bar). The idea behind the recent research is to reduce the operating temperature and energy requirements by processing biomass with water at much higher pressures. The importance of knowledge on behavior of multicomponent systems at elevated pressures and temperatures is underlined. Methods, developed by the authors of this chapter for determination of thermodynamic and transport properties for multicomponent systems of different solid compounds and supercritical fluid under extreme conditions, are described. A future perspective of hydrothermal technology as a tool to obtain advanced materials and the possible scope for future research is also discussed.

Biomimetic materials: An introduction

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1020-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sarikaya ◽  
J. T. Staley ◽  
I. A. Aksay
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Structural Control ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Length Scale ◽  
Spider Webs ◽  
Biomimetic Materials ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
All Ceramic

Biomimetics is an area of research in which the analysis of structures and functions of natural materials provide a source of inspiration for design and processing concepts for novel synthetic materials. Through biomimetics, it may be possible to establish structural control on a continuous length scale, resulting in superior structures able to withstand the requirements placed upon advanced materials. It is well recognized that biological systems efficiently produce complex and hierarchical structures on the molecular, micrometer, and macro scales with unique properties, and with greater structural control than is possible with synthetic materials. The dynamism of these systems allows the collection and transport of constituents; the nucleation, configuration, and growth of new structures by self-assembly; and the repair and replacement of old and damaged components. These materials include all-organic components such as spider webs and insect cuticles (Fig. 1); inorganic-organic composites, such as seashells (Fig. 2) and bones; all-ceramic composites, such as sea urchin teeth, spines, and other skeletal units (Fig. 3); and inorganic ultrafine magnetic and semiconducting particles produced by bacteria and algae, respectively (Fig. 4).

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